Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Foot and Ankle > Joints > Flashcards

Joints Flashcards

1
Q

Classify the talocrural joint

A

Synovial, uniaxial hinge joint capable of one degree of freedom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

List the bones of the talocrural joint and give their positions

A

Distal ends of the tibia, Inner aspect of both Medial malleolus and Lateral malleolus (fibula) proximally and the body of the talus distally.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Give the attachment of the medial collateral (deltoid) ligament

A

Strong triangular ligament

Apex - anterior & posterior borders and apex of medial malleolus

Divided into 2 deep and 2 superficial ligaments

Deeper anterior & posterior tibiotalar ligaments attach to medial border of neck and body of talus; blend with joint capsule

Superficial tibionavicular & tibiocalcaneal ligaments have continuous attachment from navicular tuberosity to sustentaculum tali, including spring ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Give the movements of the talocrural joint

A

Plantarflexion and dorsiflexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe the Lateral collateral ligaments giving its attachments

A

3 separate parts.

Anterior and posterior Talofibular, calcaneofibular ligament.

ATFL - Anterior border of lateral malleolus to neck of Talus

PTFL - Malleolar fossa of lateral malloelus to lateral tubercle on posterior Talus.

CFL - cord like ligt from Apex of lateral malleolus to lateral calcaneus, behind peroneal tubercle

All blend to ankle joint capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

State the muscles responsible for Dorsiflexion at the Talocural joint

A

Tibialis Anterior, Peroneus Tertius, EDL, EHL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

State the muscles responsible for Plantar flexion at the Talocural joint

A

Gastrocnemiuos, Soleus, Peroneus Longus and Brevis, FHL, FDL, Tibialis Posterior, Plantaris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Classify the metatarsalphalangeal joint

A

Synovial ellipsoid joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Name the movements at the MTP joint

A

Flexion and Extension

Abduction and Adduction - limited

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Classify the interphalangeal joints

A

Synovial hinge joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What movements occur at the PIP and DIP joints

A

Flexion and Extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Classify the subtalar joint

A

Plane (modified Saddle) synovial joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What movements occur at the Subtalar joint

A

Gliding and rotation accessory movements

Inversion/eversion physiological movements of the foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the Subtalar joint articulations

A

○ the large posterior calcaneal facet on the inferior surface of the talus
○ the corresponding posterior talar facet on the superior surface of the calcaneus
• loose fibrous capsule thickened by talocalcaneal ligts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

State the ligaments of the Subtalar joint

A 
• Joint capsule supported by:
	• Lateral talocalcaneal ligament
		○ lateral Posterior talar tubercle 
		○ Lateral calcaneus
         ○ deep and parallel to calcaneofibular lig
• Medial talocalcaneal ligament
	○ Medial posterior  talar tubercle
	○ Sustentaculum talus

• Posterior talocalcaneal ligament
	○ Lateral posterior talar tubercle
	○ postero-medial calcaneus

• interosseous talocalcaneal (tarsal sinus) ligament
○ two thick bands from Floor of sinus tarsi
○anterior band to neck of talus
○ posterior band to lateral talus, anterior to subtalar joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe the position of the Subtalar joint lines

A

Medial joint line -superior to sustentaculum tali

Lateral joint line - anterior to distal tip of lateral malleolus

17
Q

Name the intertarsal joints

A 
○ Subtalar
○ Mid (transverse) tarsal
	§ Talocalcaneonavicular
	§ Calcaneocuboid
○ Cuneonavicular - limited movement
○ Intercuneiform - limited movement
○ Cubonavicular - fibrous
○ Cuneocuboid
○ Tarsometatarsal
18
Q

Classify the talocalcaneonavicular joint

A

Synovial ball and socket joint

19
Q

Describe talocalcaneonavicular joint articulations

A

○ Ball – head of talus
○ Socket – part bone, part ligament
• Part between talus and calcaneus are:
○ Anterior and middle calcaneal facets on the inferior surface of the talar head
○ Corresponding anterior and middle talar facets on the superior surface and sustentaculum tali, respectively, of the calcaneus
• Part between talus and plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (spring ligament):
○ between the spring ligament and the medial facet on the inferior surface of the talar head
• Largest part of joint is between the navicular and talus:
○ Convex anterior end of the talar head
○ Corresponding concave posterior surface of the navicular

20
Q

Name the ligaments of the talocalcaneonavicular joint

A

• Joint capsule supported:
○ Posteriorly by the interosseous talocalcaneal ligament (sinus tarsi)
○ Superiorly by the talonavicular ligament, which passes between the neck of the talus and adjacent regions of the navicular
○ Inferiorly and medially by the plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (spring ligament)
• Laterally by part of the bifurcate ligament (calcaneonavicular lig)

21
Q

Classify the calcanealcuboid joint

A

Synovial saddle joint

22
Q

Describe the calcanealcuboid joint articulations

A

○ Facet on the anterior surface of the calcaneus
○ Corresponding facet on the posterior surface of the cuboid
○ facets have reciprocally concavoconvex shapes

• Simple capsule lined with synovial membrane, thickened by dorsal and plantar calcaneocuboid ligts

23
Q

Name the Ligaments of calcanealcuboid joint

A
  • Plantar calcaneocuboid (short plantar) ligament
  • Long plantar ligament
  • part of the Bifurcate ligament (calcaneocuboid lig)
24
Q

Describe the Movement of midtarsal joint

A

○ Pronation (soles faces laterally) - combination of
○ Abduction of forefoot
○ Eversion
○ dorsiflexion of ankle

○ Supination (soles face medially) - combination of
○ Adduction of forefoot
○ Inversion
○ Plantarflexion of ankle

25
Q

Classify the tarsometatarsal joints

A

Synovial plane joints

26
Q

Describe the tarsometatarsal joints articulations

A

○ Metatarsals 1-3 and med-lat cuneiforms, respectively

○ Metatarsals 4-5 and cuboid bone

27
Q

Name the ligaments of the tarsometatarsal joints

A

Joint capsule = thickening of these ligts
○ Plantar and dorsal tarsometatarsal ligaments - weak short slips between adjacent plantar/dorsal surfaces of tarsal and metatarsal bones

3 Interosseus tarsometatarsal ligaments
○ Lisfranc’s ligt - strongest
§ Runs from base of second metatarsal to the anterolateral aspect of the medial cuneiform
○ Other two ligaments connect the lateral cuneiform with the second metatarsal and the lateral cuneiform with the base of the fourth metatarsal

28
Q

Describe the movements at the tarsometatarsal joints

A
  • TMT Joint between MT 1 and medial cuneiform - flexion, extension, rotation
  • TMT joints with the transverse/midtarsal joint -pronation and supination of the foot
29
Q

Describe the MTP joint articulations

A

○ Head of metatarsals
○ Corresponding bases of proximal phalanges of the digits
• Also Plantar surface of 1st MT head
○ Crista - two longitudinal grooves separated by a ridge. These two grooves articulate with the two sesamoid bones within the joint capsule

30
Q

Name the ligaments of the MTP joints

A

• Joint capsules are reinforced by
○ Medial and lateral collateral ligaments
○ Plantar ligaments

Four deep transverse metatarsal ligaments - link the heads of the metatarsals together
○ MT 1 is oriented in the same plane as the metatarsals of the other toes and is linked to the MT 2 by a deep transverse metatarsal ligament

• Sesamoid bones connected by intersesamoid ligt

31
Q

Describe the articulations surface of PIP, DIP joints

A

Trochlear (convex) surface of the phalangeal heads articulates with the curved (concave) surface of the bases of the corresponding phalanges

32
Q

Name ligaments of PIP, DIP joints

A

• Reinforced by medial and lateral collateral ligaments and by plantar ligaments

33
Q

Describe the talonavicular ligament giving its attachments

A

passes between the neck of the talus and adjacent regions of the navicular

34
Q

Describe the plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament giving its attachments

A

○ Broad thick, strong, fibroelastic ligament that spans the space between the sustentaculum tali behind and the navicular bone in front

○blends with and supported by deltoid ligt

○upper surface is fibrocartilginous for articulation with medial facet on inferior surface of talar head

35
Q

Describe the bifurcate ligament giving its attachments

A

Base - anterior aspect of the superior surface of the calcaneus
Arms:
§ Dorsomedial surface of the cuboid ( calcaneocuboid ligament )
§ Dorsolateral part of the navicular ( calcaneonavicular ligament )
Provides strong connection between proximal and distal tarsal rows

36
Q

Describe the plantar calcaneocuboid (short plantar) ligament giving its attachments

A

○ Short, wide, and very strong
○ Connects the calcaneal tubercle to the plantar surface of the cuboid proximal to peroneal longus groove
○ Supports the calcaneocuboid joint, assists the long plantar ligament in resisting depression of the lateral arch of the foot

37
Q

Describe the long plantar ligament giving its attachments

A

○ Longest ligament in the sole of the foot and lies superficial to the plantar calcaneocuboid ligament
§ Posteriorly - plantar surface of the calcaneus between the tuberosity and the calcaneal tubercle.
§ Anteriorly - broad ridge and a tubercle on the plantar surface of the cuboid bone behind the groove for the fibularis longus tendon
○ Superficial fibers - extend to the bases of MT 2-5

Foot and Ankle (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions