Joints

Question 1

What are the 3 joint types?

Answer 1

Fibrous, Cartilaginous, Synovial

Question 2

Fibrous include what 3 types?

Answer 2

Sutures, Syndesmosis, Gomphosis

Question 3

Where are syndesmosis found?

Answer 3

Ankle (tibiofibular), membrane between radius and ulna

Question 4

What are the two suture types?

Answer 4

Squamous - edges overlap

Serrated - edges interlock

Question 5

Where are gomphosis found?

Answer 5

Joint between a tooth and bone in its socket

Question 6

Hyaline cartilage joints (aka synchondroses) found where?

Answer 6

Epiphyseal plates, long bone development

Question 7

Fibrocartilage found?

Answer 7

Between IV disc, pubic symphysis

Question 8

Articular cartilage found where; blood/nerve supply?

Answer 8

• Covers end of long bones

- NO blood or nerve supply

Question 9

Synovial membrane; produces?

Answer 9

Vascular CT that lines joint cavity, does NOT cover articular cartilage, produces synovial fluid

Question 10

Plane joints found where; axis?

Answer 10

• Uniaxial

- AC joint, Proximal tibiofibular, Intercarpal, Sternoclavicular

Question 11

Hinge joints found where; axis?

Answer 11

• Uniaxial

- Elbow, knee, ankle, IP joints

Question 12

Ball and socket (spheroidal) found where; axis?

Answer 12

• Mutliaxial

- Hip and Shoulder

Question 13

Pivot (trochoid) found; axis?

Answer 13

• Uniaxial (rotation only)

- AA joint, Radioulnar

Question 14

Condyloid & Ellipisoid joint found?

Answer 14

MCP joint, Radiocarpal

Question 15

Saddle (sellar) joints found; axis?

Answer 15

• Carpalmetacarpal of thumb

- Biaxial

Question 16

Where are the nerve endings found in joint?

Answer 16

In articular capsule

Question 17

Wolff’s Law

Answer 17

Bone is increased where needed and reabsorbed where it is not

Question 18

3 types of arthritis?

Answer 18

Osteoarthritis: Most common, cartilage wears down

Inflammatory: autoimmune diseases

Traumatic: sports injuries, excessive movement or physical trauma

Question 19

Fibrillation is loss of and has what appearance?

Answer 19

• Loss of proteoglycans

- Ground-glass apperance

Question 20

Eburnation is loss of/thickening of and what appearance?

Answer 20

Complete loss of articular cartilage (think burned away), with thickening of subchondral bone (Wolff’s law)

• Ivory- like (Hard and polished)

Question 21

“Joint Mice” Ostechondroatosis is?

Answer 21

Fragments of cartilage and/or bone floating free in synovial fluid

• Commonly seen in degenerative joint disease i.e., Osteochondrosis Dissecans