Joints

Question 1

Diarthrosis (Synovial) Joint

Answer 1

Fibroelastic joint capsule, which is filled with a lubricating substance called synovial fluid and permits free bone movement. The bones that articulate in a synovial joint are capped with a smooth layer of hyaline cartilage called articular cartilage

Question 2

What are the 3 major types of synarthroses joints?

Answer 2

1. Synostosis Joints
2. Synchondrosis Joints
3. Syndesmosis Joints

Question 3

What are the 3 main joint classifications?

Answer 3

1. Fibrous or Synarthrodial (immoveable)
2. Cartilagenous or Amphiarthrodial (slightly moveable)
3. Synovial or Diarthrodial (freely moveable)

Question 4

Example of a Diarthrosis Joint

Answer 4

• Hip
• Knee
• Shoulder
• Elbow

Question 5

Example of Synarthrosis Joints

Answer 5

Sagittal suture of the skull

Question 6

Syndesmosis Joint

Answer 6

Jointed together by an interosseous membrane. Examples include joints such as the symphysis pubis.

Question 7

Gomphosis Joint

Answer 7

Type of Fibrous Joint. Bony surfaces connected like a peg in a hole (the periodontal membrane is the fibrous component). Type of Fibrous Joint

Question 8

Example of a Gomphosis Joint

Answer 8

The teeth and corresponding sockets are the only gomphosis joints in the body

Question 9

Synchondrosis and Examples

Answer 9

Type of Cartilageinous joint. Joined by either hyaline or fibrocartilage. Examples include the epiphyseal plates of growing bones and the articulations between the first rib and sternum.

Question 10

Describe the surface of a Ball and Socket Joint

Answer 10

Spherical head fits into the cup cavity of the other bone

Question 11

How many planes does the Ball and Socket move? What are its actions?

Answer 11

Triaxial.

1. Flexion/Extension
2. Abduction/Adduction
3. Circumduction

Question 12

Examples of a Ball and Socket Joint

Answer 12

1. Hip

2. Shoulder

Question 13

Describe the surface of a Hinge (ginglymus) Joint

Answer 13

1 surface spool-like. 1 surface is concave and fits over spool

Question 14

How many planes does the Ball and Socket Joint move in?

Answer 14

Uniaxial

Question 15

What is an example of the Ball and Socket Joint?

Answer 15

Humero-ulnar Joint

Question 16

What action does the pivot joint do and how many planes does it move in?

Answer 16

Uniaxial

ROTATION ONLY

Question 17

Give examples of a pivot joint?

Answer 17

1. Atlanto-axial

2. Radioulnar

Question 18

Describe the surface of a Condyloid (Ellipsoid) Joint?

Answer 18

Oval or egg-shaped convex surface. Fits into a reciprocally shaped concave surface

Question 19

What are the motions of Condyloid (Ellipsoid) Joint?

Answer 19

Biaxial

1. Forward/Backward
2. Side to Side

Question 20

Give examples of a Condyloid Joint

Answer 20

Wrist

Question 21

Describe the surface of a Irregular Joint

Answer 21

Irregularly shaped and usually flat or slightly curved

Question 22

Describe the motion of an Irregular Joint?

Answer 22

Gliding (non-axial)

Question 23

Example of Irregular Joint

Answer 23

Some intercarpal joints

Question 24

Describe the surface of a Saddle Joint?

Answer 24

Ends of both bones are convex like a western saddle

Question 25

What are the motions of Saddle Joint?

Answer 25

Biaxial

1. Flexion/Extension
2. Abduction/Adduction

Question 26

Example of a saddle joint?

Answer 26

Carpometacarpal joint of thumb

Question 27

Synostosis Joints

Answer 27

Type of Fibrous-Synarthrosis Joint. United by bone tissue. Examples include sutures and gomphoses.