Bone Flashcards
1
Q
What are the major Bone Types?
A
- Long
- Short
- Flat
- Irregular
2
Q
What are the characteristics of Long Bones?
A
- Possess a cylindrical shaft and medullary canal
- Relatively broad ends
- Thick walled shaft
3
Q
Examples of Long Bones In Upper Extremity
A
- Clavicle
- Humerus
- Ulna
- Radius
- Metacarpals
- Phalanges
4
Q
Examples of Long Bones in Lower Extremity
A
- Femur
- Tibia
- Fibula
- Metatarsals
- Phalanges
5
Q
Characteristics of Short Bones
A
Relatively short, compact and solid structures
6
Q
Short Bones of Skeleton
A
- Carpals (wrist)
2. Tarsals (ankle)
7
Q
Flat Bones
A
Irregular bones are typically neither flat or long
8
Q
Examples of Flat Bones
A
- Sternum
- Scapulae
- Ribs
- Pelvic Bones
- Patellas
9
Q
Irregular Bones Examples
A
- 24 vertebrae
- Sacrum
- Coccyx
10
Q
Collagen
A
- Maintains the structural integrity of various tissues
* Provides tensile strength to tissues
11
Q
Elastin
A
- Provides the tissues in which it is situated with elastic properties
- Thinner than collagen fibers and are quite flexible.
- Capable of being stretched to almost twice their resting length without damage
- provide connective tissue with elasticity- a material’s ability to return to its original shape after being elongated
12
Q
Tendons
A
- Dense regular connective tissue
- Cordlike structures that function to attach muscle to bone
- Transmit the forces generated by muscles to bone in order to achieve movement or stability of the body in space
13
Q
Endotenon
A
- Fascicles of tendons are held together by loose this loose connective tissue
- Contains blood vessels, lymphatics and nerves, and permits longitudinal movements of individual fascicles when tensile forces are applied to the structure
14
Q
Epitenon
A
Connective tissue surrounding groups of fascicles and/or the entire structure
15
Q
Myotendinous junction (MTJ)
A
- Site where the muscle and tendon meet
- Very vulnerable to tensile failure, especially biceps and triceps brachii, the rotator cuff muscles, the FPL, the peroneus longus, teh medial head of the gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, adductor longus, iliopsoas, pectoralis major, semimembranosus and whole hamstring group
