Joints

Question 1

Flexion

Answer 1

the action of bending to decrease the angle between articulating bones

Question 2

Extension

Answer 2

increasing the angle of articulating bones

Question 3

hyperextension

Answer 3

the extension of the leg beyond its normal limits

Question 4

dorsiflexion

Answer 4

backwards flexion or bending

Question 5

plantarflexion

Answer 5

forwards flexion or bending

Question 6

abduction

Answer 6

The movement of a limb away from the mid-line of the body

Question 7

Adduction

Answer 7

movement towards the mid-line of the body. also inwards and across the body

Question 8

Depression

Answer 8

the downward movement of structures of the body

Question 9

Elevation

Answer 9

the upward movement of structures of the body

Question 10

Rotation

Answer 10

the movement in which something revolves around a single long axis

Question 11

3 reasons why ROMS can vary

Answer 11

age, gender, flexibility, activities

Question 12

Distinguishing characteristics of synovial joints

Answer 12

1. where the bones join, they are covered in articular cartilage
2. they allow for movement
3. synovial fluid separates and lubricates the two bones that are covered in cartilage

Question 13

6 types of synovial joints

Answer 13

1. gliding
2. condyloid
3. saddle
4. hinge
5. ball and socket
6. pivot

Question 14

Gliding

Answer 14

allow for smooth movement on a plane. (carpal bones of wrist)

Question 15

Condyloid

Answer 15

the bones move past each other on an irregular surface. (radiocarpal joint in wrist)

Question 16

saddle

Answer 16

the two bones fit together in a way thats like a rider in a saddle. this way it can bend without sliding. (thumb joint)

Question 17

Hinge

Answer 17

hinged joints between two bones. it lets the bones have flexibility without sliding (elbow joint)

Question 18

Ball and socket

Answer 18

Lets the bones move stably without slipping in several directions. they are very stable and strong

Question 19

Pivot Joints

Answer 19

rotational movement happens without gliding and turning without bending. (Joint in between first and second vertebra)