Joints

Question 0

Acromioclavicular joint

Answer 0

Plane synovial
AC ligament - fibrous band from acromion to clavicle; strengthens the AC joint superiorly
Coracoclavicular ligament - anchors clavicle to the coracoid process of scapular (Conoid and trapezius)
Conoid - medial; runs vertically with a broad base at the conoid process of the clavicle and attaches to the root of the coracoid process
Trapezius - lateral; attaches to the superior surface of the coracoid process and extends laterally and posteriorly to the trapezoid line on the inferior surface of the clavicle

Question 1

Sternoclavicular joint

Answer 1

Synovial saddle but functions as ball and socket
Anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments - reinforce capsule anteriorly and posteriorly
Interclavicular ligament - strengthens the capsule superiorly; extends from the sternal end of one clavicle to the other and attaches to the manubrium superiorly
Costaclavicular ligament - anchors the inferior surface of the sternal end of the clavicle to the first rib and its costal cartilage; limits elevation of the pectoral girdle

Question 2

Glenohumeral joint

Answer 2

Ball and socket synovial
Glenohumeral ligaments - internal aspect of the capsule; strengthen the anterior aspect of the capsule
Coracohumeral ligament - from base of coracoid process to the anterior aspect of the greater tubercle, strengthening the capsule superiorly
Transverse humeral ligament - from greater to lesser tubercles; bridging the intertubercular sulcus and converting the groove into a canal for the biceps brachii
Coracoacromal ligament - between the arch of the coracoid process to the acromion; only ligament to insert and attach on the same bone

Question 3

Scapula

Answer 3

Transverse scapular ligament - across the suprascapular notch; suprascapular artery goes over the ligament; suprascapular nerve goes under the ligament

Question 4

Elbow joint

Answer 4

Hinge synovial
Collateral ligaments (radial and ulnar)
Radial - lateral; lateral epicondyle and blends into annular ligament
Ulnar - medial; medial epicondyle to coronoid process and olecranon of ulna; three bands : anterior, posterior, oblique
Anular ligament - encircles the head of the radius in the radial notch of ulna and serves as articular surface
Oblique cord -holds radius and ulna together
Interosseous membrane - prevents proximal displacement of radius and lna; injury will impact supination/pronation

Question 5

Distal radio-ulnar joint

Answer 5

Pivot synovial joint
Radius moves around fixed end of ulna
Round head of ulna articulates with ulnar notch of medial side of distal radius
Articular disc (TFCC) binds ends of radius and ulna together

Question 6

What is the function of DRUJ

Answer 6

Help transmit loads from hand to forearm

Question 7

Radiocarpal joint

Answer 7

Distal radius with scapohoid, lunate, and TFCC
Condyloid synovial
Joint capsule - distal radius, ulna and proximal carpals, lined with synovium

Question 8

Midcarpal or intercarpal joint

Answer 8

Plane synovial joint
Between two rows of carpal bones
Joint capsule surrounds joints
Lined with synovial membrane
Motions - flexion, extension, radial deviation

Question 9

Metacarpophalangeal

Answer 9

Condyloid synovial joints
Heads of metacarpals with base of proximal phalanges
Joint capsule encloses each joint