Elbow

Question 0

Ulnar collateral ligament

Answer 0

Triangular
From medial epicondyle to coronoid process and olecranon of ulna
Stronger than radial
Has three bands : anterior cord (strongest, cord like), posterior (weakest, fan-like), oblique (deepends socket for trochlea of humerus)

Question 1

Radial collateral ligament

Answer 1

Fan like
lateral epicondyle and blends into annular ligament
Encircles and hold head of radius in radial notch of ulna
Permits pronation and supination of forearm

Question 2

Oblique cord

Answer 2

holds radius and ulna together

Question 3

Interosseous membrane

Answer 3

Prevents proximal displacement of radius and ulna

Injury will impact supination/pronation

Question 4

Carrying angle

Answer 4

170 degrees

More pronounced in females

Question 5

Bursae

Answer 5

Intratendinous olecranon bursa
Subtendinous olecranon bursa - between olecranon and triceps tendon, proximal to its attachment
Subcutaneous olecranon bursa - located in the subcutaneous connective tissue over the olecranon

Question 6

Proximal radio-ulnar joint

Answer 6

Pivot type of synovial joint

Question 7

Articulation

Answer 7

Head of radius articulates with the radial notch of ulna

Question 8

Anular ligament

Answer 8

Attaches to ulna anterior and posteriorly to the radial notch
Deep surface lined with synovial membrane
Continues distally as a sacciform recess of the proximal radio-ulnar joint
Allows radius to rotate within the anular ligament withouth binding, stretching, or tearing of the synovial membrane

Question 9

Which motions occur at the elbow?

Answer 9

Flexion and extension - elbow

Pronation & supination - forearm

Question 10

What is the common origin of extensors?

Answer 10

Lateral epicondyle

Question 11

What is the common origin for flexors?

Answer 11

Medial epicondyle

Question 12

What is the carrying angle?

Answer 12

Males - 5-10 degrees

Females - 10-15 degrees

Question 13

What is the function of each band of ulnar collateral ligament?

Answer 13

Anterior band is tight in extension
Posterior band is tight in flexion
Oblique band deepends the trochlear notch
Oblique cord connects the radius and ulna running from the lateral side ulnar tuberosity to radius slightly below radial tuberosity

Question 14

What stabilizes the elbow against varus stresses?

Answer 14

Radial collateral ligament

Question 15

What ligament stabilizes elbow joint against valgus stresses?

Answer 15

Ulnar collateral ligament

Question 16

Contents of cubital fossa?

Answer 16

Brachial artery
Biceps tendon
Median nerve
Radial nerve
Median cubital vein and medial and lateral cutaneous nerve

Question 17

Cubital fossa boundaries

Answer 17

Superiorly - imaginary line from med/lat epicondyles
Medially - pronator teres
Laterally - brachioradialis
Floor - brachialis and supinator
Roof - brachial and antebrachial fascia

Question 18

What are the anterior muscles of arm?

Answer 18

Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis

Question 19

What are the posterior muscles of arm?

Answer 19

Triceps brachii

Anconeus

Question 20

Supracondylar fracture may result in injury to what?

Answer 20

Median nerve