Joints Flashcards
syn
together
arthro
joint
synarthroses
immoveable joint
amphi
on both sides
amphiarthroses
slightly movable joint
dia
through, apart
diarthroses
freely movable joints
Fibrous Joints
joined by dense fibrous connective tissue, no joint cavity, most are immovable, movement depends on length of tissue fibers, three types sutures, syndesmoses and gomphoses
sutures
seams that occur only between bones of the skull,
syndesmoses
joint held together by ligaments (fibula to the tibia), cords or bands of fibrous tissue. vary in length, movement depends on length of fibrous tissue
Gomphosis
peg in socket like tooth into the gums
Cartilaginous joints
bones united by cartilage, lack joint cavity, not highly moveable, two types
Synchondroses
bones united by hyaline cartilage, most common is the epiphyseal plates in long bones of children
Symphyses
bones united by fibrocartilage, shock absorber
articulation
site where two or more bones meet
function of joint
gives skeleton mobility, holds skeleton together
structure of joint
material binding bones together, depends on presences or absence of joint, three types fibrous joints, carilaginous joints and synovial joints
synovial joints
where articulating bones are separated by fluid containing joint cavity, permits freedom of movement, consist of most joints of the limbs and most of the body, 6 distingushing features
Articular cartilage
absorb compression, prevents crushing of bone ends
Joint (articular) cavity
small, synovial fluid filled potential space
articular capsule
two layers, external fibrous layer of dense irregular connective tissue. inner synovial membrain has loose connective tissue and makes synovial fluid
synovial fluid
viscous, slippery filtrate of plasma and hyaluronic acid, lubricates and nourishes articular cartilage, contains phagocytic cells to remove microbes and debris
Reinforcing Ligaments
three types: capsular a thickend part of fibrous layer, Extracapsualr outside the capsule, Intracapsular deep to capsule covered by the synovial membrane
Nerves and Blood vessels
nerve fibers detect pain, monitor joint position and stretch, capillary beds supply filtrate for synovial fluid