Joints 12/10 Flashcards
Prone
patient lying face down
Supine
patient lying on their back
Abduction
moving away from the body
Adduction
moving toward the body
Flexion
decreasing the angle between 2 body parts
Extension
increasing the angle between 2 body parts
Rotation
moving a joint in an articular motion
Opposition
Touching each finger to the thumb
Pronation
moving the hand so that the palm faces downward
Supination
moving the palm to face upward
Joint
2 or more bones connected together
Cartilage
a flexible strong tissue that protects bones and joints,
Ligament
connects bone to bone
Tendon
connects muscle to bone
Ball and socket joint
bone fits into cup
Gliding joint
slides back and forth
Pivot joint
circular area that spins
Saddle joint
base of thumb
Ellipsoidal joint
movement in 2 directions
Fixed or fibrous joints
joints that has no movement
Axial skeleton
head and vertebral column
Appendicular skeleton
includes shoulder and pelvic girdles, arms and legs
Anatomical position
standard position for studying the body ; face forward, palms forward
Osteoarthritis
degeneration of the cartilage in joints ; often associated with old age
Rheumatoid arthritis
Auto immune disorder causing joint pain and swelling
Osteogenesis imperfecta
congenital bone disease ; causing weak bones that fracture easily , and often a blue sclera
Comminuted (fracture type)
shattered
Open fracture (fracture type)
bones through the skin
Spiral (fracture type)
in a spiral shape
Pressure ulcers
skin breakdown
Functions of bones
support and protect
Bony prominences
areas where bone is close to the skin (ex. scapula, heels, coccyx)
