Joint Targeting Flashcards
What is Joint Targeting
The process of selecting and prioritizing targets and matching the appropriate response to them, taking account of operational requirements and capabilities.
Targeting is both a joint and component level command function that:
- Determines desired effects necessary to accomplish JFC objectives
- Selects targets that achieve those effects
- Selects or tasks the means to best engage those targets
Principles of Joint Targeting
Focused: Achieving JFC’s objectives
Effects-based: Produce specific effects (physical, functional, or psychological)
Interdisciplinary: Operators, intelligence, legal, geospatial, etc.
Systematic: Achieves effects in a systematic manner
How does the Joint Targeting Process support planning
by providing commanders and component-level planners with a methodology, access, and information concering targets as expressed within the CDRs objectives, guidance, and intent.
It produces the “Who” and the “What” initially. “How” comes later.
What is the purpose of joint targeting?
To integrate and synchronize fires (use of available weapons to create specific lethal and non-lethal effects on a target) into joint operations.
Joint Targeting Cycle
1: End State and Commander’s Objectives
2: Target Development and Prioritization
3: Capabilities Analysis
4: Commander’s Decision and Force Assignment
5: Mission Planning and Force Execution
6: Assessment
End State and Commanders Objectives
Drives targeting;
- Determines desired/undesired effects
- Sets targeting priorities
- Specifies damage criteria
- Sets collection requirements
- Establishes restrictions
Target Development and Prioritization
- Systematic evaluation of potential target systems
- Determines type and duration of action necessary to achieve Commander’s objective
- Vetting and Validation determines if a target remains a viable element of the system and whether it is lawful target
- Each CCMD determines its prioritization criteria in accordance with the mission and the Commander’s intent, guidance, and objectives
3 Steps to Target Development
- Target System Analysis
- All-source examination of potential target systems to determine relevance, military importance, and priority of attack. It is an open ended analytic process - Entity-level target development
- Progresses target from initial ID to execution level detail. Simultaneously conducted across the Joint Force - Target list managment
- Begins when a target is nominated for target development and ends with a prioritized list
TDN
CTL (NSL/RTL)
JTL (no restrictions)
TNL (prioritized, not approved)
JIPTL (once approved by JTBC)
Capabilities Analysis
Evaluating available capabilities with desired effects to determine appropriate options
Weaponeering/ CDE
4 STEPS
1: Target Vulnerability Analysis
2: Capabilities Assignment (weaponeering) (ATIs)
3: Feasibility Assessment (ATI feasibility)
4: the Effects estimate (first, second [collateral damage], and higher order of effects identified.
Commander’s Decision and Force Assignment
Integrates previous phases of JTC and fuses capabilities analysis with available forces, sensors, and weapons systems
Provides Vital link between planning and Ops
5 STEPS
1: Consolidate Target Development and Capabilities Analysis Results
2: Assemble Data on Friendly Force Status, Factoring in Operational Limitations, and Appointment Guidance
3: Assign Forces to Specific Targets and Supporting Missions
4: Present Joint Targeting Recommendations to the JFC for Approval
5: Issue Tasking Order to Forces
Mission Planning and Force Execution
Performed at operational and tactical levels
- JFC’s staff maintains awareness of ongoing operations
- Component staffs conduct Mission Command and monitor execution
- Tasked units perform detailed mission planning and conduct their assigned missions
Component planning: -OPORD/FRAGO?ATO Input DMPI Weapons Attack timing BDA tasking
-JFC support to units Target materials Support relationships Deconfliction Dynamic targeting/TST guidance
TEA
Target Engagement Auhtority (TEA): The authority to direct fires against approved targets. CDE level will dictate the appropriate TEA
This does not apply to units operating under different ROEs
PID
Positive Identification (PID): Reasonable certainty that functionality and geospatially defined object of attack is a legitimate military target IAW the law of war and applicable ROE
Assessment
Measures progress toward mission accomplishment- provides:
- Status of OE
- Benchmark for validating actions
- Weapons system performance
- The Lvl at which a specified op, task, or action is planned and executed should be the Lvl it is assessed
- Allows CDR’s to adjust operations to ensure objectives are met and end state is achieved
Combat assessment in 3 Elements:
1) BDA
2) Munitions effectiveness assessment
3) Re-attack reccommendation or Future Targeting
Assessment Metrics
MOE
- Are we doing the right things?
MOP
- Are we doing things right?
