Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

LOCOMOTOR > Joint Structure and Function > Flashcards

Joint Structure and Function Flashcards

1
Q

Describe what is meant by ‘structural classification of joints’

A

Based on the presence or absence of a synovial joint cavity and the type of connecting tissue that is present e.g. fibrous, cartilaginous or synovial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define ‘synarthroses’

A

Immovable joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define ‘amphiarthroses’

A

Partially movable joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define ‘diarthroses’

A

Freely movable joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are ‘fibrous joints’?

A

No synovial cavity, articulating bones held by fibrous connective tissue (little movement)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Give 3 examples of fibrous joints.

A

Teeth, interosseous membrane between radius and ulna (and tibia and fibula), and skull sutures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define ‘synostosis’

A

Ossified immovable structure (i.e. sutures of skull)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define ‘syndesmosis’

A

Sheet of fibrous tissue between bones (i.e. interosseous membrane)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define ‘gomphosis’

A

Cone shaped peg that fits into socket (i.e. teeth)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are ‘cartilaginous joints’?

A

No synovial cavity, articulating bones connected by fibrocartilage or hyaline cartilage (little movement)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Give 3 examples of cartilaginous joints.

A

Pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs and epiphyseal growth plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Define ‘synchrondosis’

A

Two bones connected by hyaline cartilage (e.g. epiphyseal growth plate)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define ‘symphysis’

A

Two bones connected by disc of fibrocartilage (e.g. intervertebral discs and pubic symphysis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are ‘synovial joints’?

A

A synovial joint cavity exists between articulating bones (freely movable)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is an ‘arthrogram’?

A

Iodine injected into joint cavity and illustrates the cavity and interconnected bursae so it can be seen on x-ray

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe the articulating cartilage at synovial joints.

A

Hyaline cartilage covers the bone ends and is an elastic, resilient structure which acts as a shock absorber to protect the underlying bone

17
Q

Why is hyaline cartilage a good cover for articulating bone surfaces?

A

Has smooth, slippery and low friction surface and a level of elasticity and shock absorption.

18
Q

Describe the structure of the articulating capsule in synovial joints.

A

Articulating capsule surrounds joint and encloses synovial cavity (uniting two bones). There is the outer fibrous capsule (may contain ligaments) and the inner synovial membrane (secretes synovial fluid - nourishing and lubricating)

19
Q

What is meant by osteoarthritis?

A

The degeneration of the articulating cartilage (hyaline or fibrocartilage depending on joint)

20
Q

Name the 6 types of synovial joint

A

Hinge, pivot, plantar, ellipsoidal (condylar), ball and socket and saddle

21
Q

Describe a plantar joint - including the movements possible.

A

Can move side to side, back and forth to facilitate sliding movements.

22
Q

Give examples of plantar joints.

A

Intercarpals and intertarsals

23
Q

Describe a hinge joint - including the movements possible.

A

The convex surface of one bone fits into concave of other to facilitate flexion and extension (single plane).

24
Q

Give examples of hinge joints.

A

Elbow and knee

25
Q

Describe a pivot joint - including the movements possible.

A

Round/pointed surface of one bone fits into ring formed by another (in addition to presence of ligament) and the movement facilitated is rotational.

26
Q

Give examples of pivot joints.

A

Atlas rotating on the axis (in the neck, C1 and C2) OR the radius and the annular ligament of the ulna (radius moves over ulna in supination and pronation movements)

27
Q

Describe a condylar (ellipsoidal) joint - including the movements possible.

A

Oval shaped condyle of one bone fits into elliptical cavity of the other bone and all movements are possible at this joint

28
Q

Give examples of condylar joints

A

Joint between carpals and radius (articulation between the scaphoid and the radius and the lunate and the radius)

29
Q

Describe a saddle joint - including the movements possible

A

One bone is ‘saddle-shaped’ and other is ‘rider’ all movements possible at these joints

30
Q

Give an examples of a saddle joint

A

Carpometacarpal joint of thumb (CMC)

31
Q

Describe a ball-and-socket joint - including the movements possible

A

Ball-shaped surface of one bone fits into cup-like depression of other, all movements possible at these joints

32
Q

Give examples of ball-and-socket joints

A

Hip and shoulder joints

33
Q

Rank the 6 synovial joint types from the least to most movable

A

plantar, hinge, pivot, condylar, saddle, ball-and-socket

LOCOMOTOR (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions