Joint Classification And Skull

Question 1

Fibrous joints

Answer 1

Immovable or partially moveable

Sutures of the skull

Question 2

Cartilaginous

Answer 2

Partially moveable

Vertebrae and some cranial sutures

Question 3

Synovial

Answer 3

Freely movable

Knee and finger joints

Question 4

Synarthrosis

Answer 4

Little or no mobility

Fibrous jnt

Question 5

Synchondrosis

Answer 5

Slight mobility

Cartilaginous joints

Question 6

Diarthrosis

Answer 6

Freely movable

Synovial joints

Question 7

Bones of fibrous jnts are held together by

Answer 7

Fibrous connective tissue

No cavity or space between the bones

Question 8

3 types of fibrous jnts

Answer 8

Sutures
Syndesmoses
Gomphoses

Question 9

Sutures are

Answer 9

Found only in the skull and possess short fibers of connective tissue that hold the skull bones tightly in place

Question 10

Syndemoses

Answer 10

Joints where the bones are connected by a band of connective tissue allowing for more mmt

Ex: tibia, fibula

Question 11

Gomphoses

Answer 11

Occur between teeth and their sockets

Question 12

Bones of cartilaginous jnts are held together by

Answer 12

Cartilage

Question 13

Cartilaginous jnts include

Answer 13

Synchondrosis and symphyses

Question 14

Synchondrosis are

Answer 14

Bones joined by hyaline cartilage

Found in epiphyseal plates of growing bones in children

Question 15

Symphyses are

Answer 15

Hyaline cartilage that covers the end of the bone but the connection occurs through fibrocartilage

Found at the jnts between vertebrae and pubic bones

Question 16

Synovial joints are

Answer 16

The only jnts that have a space between them

The space is called the synovial cavity and filled with synovial fluid

Question 17

Synovial fluid does what

Answer 17

Lubricates the jnt reducint friction between the bones and allowing for greater movement

Question 18

The ends of bones are covered with articular cartilage called

Answer 18

Hyaline cartilage

Question 19

The entire joint of a synovial jnt is surrounded by

Answer 19

An articular capsule composed of connective tissue

Question 20

What joints are capable of the greatest movement?

Answer 20

A synovial joint

The more mobile the jnt the weaker the jnt

Question 21

What are examples of synovial jnts?

Answer 21

Knees, elbows, shoulders

Question 22

How many types of synovial jnts are there.

What are they

Answer 22

6

1) gliding jnts - plane jnt
2) condyloid jnt
3) saddle jnt
4) hinge jnt
5) ball and socket jnt
6) pivot jnt

Question 23

The cranium is divided into two portions:

Answer 23

Neurocranium - surrounds the brain

Viscerocranium - face

Question 24

What are the cranium bones formed from?

Answer 24

Mesenchyme

• neurocranium come from neural crest
• viscerocranium come from the pharyngeal arches

Question 25

Cranium vs skull

Answer 25

Skull contains the mandible

Cranium does not

Question 26

Neurocranium consists of how mnay bones

Answer 26

8 bones

Frontal, ethmoid, occipital,sphenoid, parietal, temportal, claveria, and cranial base

Question 27

What bones make up the clavera (roof/skull cap)

Answer 27

Frontal, temporal, occipital bones

Question 28

What bones make up the cranial base (floor)

Answer 28

Sphenoid, temporal, a small portion of the ethmoidal

Question 29

What are considered pneumatized bones

Answer 29

Bones w/ air spaces
Sinuses
Decrease weight

Question 30

The cranial base contains 3 different sections

Answer 30

1) anterior cranial fossa - shallowest
2) middle cranial fossa
3) posterior - deepest

Question 31

Viscerocranium overlaps with

Answer 31

Neurocranium

Question 32

Viscerocranium makes up what?

Answer 32

The facial bones

Frontal, nasal, lacrimal, zygomatic, maxillary, ethmoid, inferior nasla conchae, palatine, vomer, mandible

Question 33

What viscerocranium bones articulate with neruocranium bones to form structures?

Answer 33

Zygomatic arch, orbit, nasal cavity

Question 34

What are cranial buttress?

Answer 34

Pillars formed by thickened cranial bones that allow forces to pass the orbits and nasal cavity

Bones are thinner in this area

Question 35

What cranial buttresses are part of the viscerocranium

Answer 35

Nasomaxillary

Zygomatic maxillary

Question 36

What cranial buttresses are part of the masticatory plates

Answer 36

Pterygomaxallary

Vertical mandible

Question 37

What cranial buttresses are part of the neurocranium

Answer 37

Occipital

Question 38

Articulations between mature cranial bones are called

Answer 38

Sutures

Question 39

Joints of the cranium major sutures

Answer 39

Coronal
Saggital
Lambdoidal
Squamosal
Metopic
Basilar

Question 40

Minor sutures are named for

Answer 40

The bones they connect

Question 41

Minor sutures of the cranium include:

Answer 41

Zygomaticaltemporal
Zygomaticalfrontal
Zygomaticalmaxillary
Sphenozygomatic
Sphenofrontal
Frontonasal
Frontomaxillary
Sphenoparietal
Intermaxillary

Question 42

Wormian bones are:

Answer 42

Intra sutural bones that are extra bone pieces that occur within a suture in the cranium

Question 43

Where do wormian bones occur most frequently

Answer 43

In the lambdoidal suture

Question 44

Pathologies associated with wormian bones:

Answer 44

Pycnodysostosis
Osteogenesis imperfect - brittle bone
Rickets - soft bones
Menkes syndrome - brittle hair dz
Cleidocranial dysostosis - facial and teeth bone deformation
Hypothyroidism - dec metabolic function
Hypophosphatasia - affects bone mineralization
Down’s Syndrome - chromosomal disorder