JJK 4 Flashcards
What is the maximum volume a human hand can repeatedly power through a piston and cylinder design?
40-75ml
2 examples of external large animal formulations
pour ons
dips
3 examples of internal large animal formulations
boluses
drenches
intramammary preparations
How is systemic drug delivery possible by oral administration/
using a drug delivery device that remains in the reticulorumen due to its density or geometry for a prolonged period of time
What type of buoyancy do ruminant slow release products have?
zero buoyancy
How is passage through the fore stomach prevented?
By ensuring that the formulation does not disintegrate into small particles - limiting size of particles that can pass the neck of the omasum
3 types of rumen bolus preparations
- matrix disintegration
- diffusion through a semi-permeable membrane
- osmotic pump
What is a matrix disintegration drug delivery system suitable for?
Delivering minerals - Cu, Co, Mg, Se
What is a diffusion through a semi-permeable membrane delivery system suitable for?
Suitable for anti-thelmintics
What is an osmotic pump delivery system suitable for?
Antithelmintics
Which minerals are delivered by Cosecure?
Cobalt
Selenium
Copper
Which minerals are delivered by CoseIcure?
Cobalt
Selenium
Iodine
Copper
What form is copper in in Cosecure?
CuO
What form is cobalt in in Cosecure?
Co2O3
What form is Selenium in in Cosecure?
Na2SeO4
What is the glass made of in Cosecure
Soluble sodium phosphate
How is Cosecure manufactured?
A Cu/Co containing soluble sodium phosphate glass is first melted, ground to a fine consistency
Na selenate mixed into the powder
Material then granulated and pressed into bolus shape
Bolus is heat fused
What season is Cosecure recommended in?
Grazing season
How long does bolus dissolve for in cattle?
6 months
How long does bolus dissolve for in sheep?
8 months
What temperature should the bolus be at prior to admin?
room temp
15-20
Typical cattle dose of Cosecure?
2 boluses
Between x and x amount of bolus is eroded per day
420mg and 700mg
Maximum release rate of Cosecure per day
720mg/day
How does dairy cows being fed on high concentrate rations affect glass dissolution of Cosecure?
It results in increased acidity, which will accelerate glass dissolution - life of the bolus may be reduced to 4 months
Which trace elements does Smartrace release?
Se, Co, Cu, (I)
