Jewett Antigen processing and presentation

Question 1

bigger polypeptide chain in MHC 1

Answer 1

alpha (alpha 1, 2, 3)

Question 2

MHC 1, small beta2 macroglobulin is – associated to the alpha chain and is not polymorphic

Answer 2

non-covalently

Question 3

MHC 1, which chain spans the membrane

Answer 3

alpha

Question 4

MHC 1: Which alpha domains form the cleft that binds to the peptide fragment and are highly polymorphic

Answer 4

alpha 1 and 2

Question 5

MHC 2: which chains span the membrane

Answer 5

both alpha and beta

Question 6

MHC 2, both alpha and beta are encoded within the –

Answer 6

MHC locus

Question 7

T/F: for MHC 2 consist of alpha 1 and 2 and beta 1 and 2

Answer 7

true

Question 8

what forms the peptide binding site and thus are polymorphic in MHC 2

Answer 8

alpha 1 and beta 1

Question 9

the folding of a1 and B1 of MHC 2 is more – than that of a1 and a2 of MHC 1

Answer 9

open

Question 10

In which MHC are the peptide fragments are buried?

Answer 10

MHC 1

Question 11

Where do viruses and some bacteria replicate?

Answer 11

cytosol and nuclear compartments

Question 12

where do most pathogenic bacteria and some euk parasites replicate?

Answer 12

endosomes and lysosomes

Question 13

What cells recognize antigen in the context of MHC-II?

Answer 13

CD4+ T cells

Question 14

What cells recognize antigen in the context of MHC-1?

Answer 14

CD8+ T cells

Question 15

What is the route of presentation of extracellular toxins

Answer 15

MHC class II presentation

Question 16

16. Which mechanism is responsible for the generation of the MHC polymorphism

Answer 16

gene converesion

Question 17

Viruses have evolved means of evading recognition by preventing the appearance of – at the cell surface.

Answer 17

peptide:MHC class I complexes

Question 18

HSV prevents the transport of the viral peptides into the ER by producing proteins that bind and inhibit –

Answer 18

TAP

Question 19

Adenoviruses produce a protein which binds MHC class I and –

Answer 19

retains them in the ER

Question 20

Cytomegaloviruses (CMV) accelerate – of MHC class I back in to the cytosol where they are degraded.

Answer 20

retrograde translocation

Question 21

Some bacteria can prevent fusion of phagosome with the lysosomes in addition to behaving as –which are ineffective in clearing the organisms.

Answer 21

superantigens

Question 22

Superantigens bind to both the T cell receptor and the MHC class II molecules and – unlike the regular presentation which occurs through the groove of the MHC.

Answer 22

crosslink the two from the outside

Question 23

– stimulate a primary T cell response similar in magnitude to a response to allogeneic MHC molecules.

Answer 23

superantigens

Question 24

Superantigen stimulation of the immune system is in the favor of the – since it activates massive amounts of the cells.

Answer 24

pathogen than the host

Question 25

alloreactivity: Nonself MHC molecules are recognized by what percentage of T cells

Answer 25

1-10%

Question 26

In alloreactivity, – refers to the recognition of the peptide in the absence of MHC recognition

Answer 26

peptide dominant binding

Question 27

In alloreactivity, –refers to the recognition and binding to the MHC molecules irrespective of the peptide

Answer 27

MHC-dominant binding

Question 28

MHC restriction

Answer 28

recognition of the antigen in the context of self MHC

Question 29

In MHC restriction, a different MHC class 1 presenting the same peptide would not be recognized and would not –

Answer 29

activate T cells

Question 30

What are MHC class I-B genes?

Answer 30

genes encoding MHC Class I like molecules that show little polymorphism

Question 31

Some class 1B genes such as – family are induced during cellular stress and regulate NK function.

Answer 31

MIC gene

Question 32

8. It is highly unlikely for pathogens to evade immune responses due to which characteristics of MHC molecules?

Answer 32

polygenic and polymorphic

Question 33

MHC contain several different MHC class 1 and 2 genes

Answer 33

polygenic

Question 34

there are multiple variants of MHC class 1 and 2 genes

Answer 34

polymorphic

Question 35

– molecules bind short peptides of 8-10 amino acids (usually 9

Answer 35

MHC class I

Question 36

peptides are bound by their ends to – of MHC class 1

Answer 36

invariant sites

Question 37

– are the end amino acid side chains on the peptide fragment which bind MHC Class 1 molecules.

Answer 37

Anchor residues

Question 38

Peptide bound to – are at least 13 AA long and can be much longer.

Answer 38

MHC class II

Question 39

Binding is through the length of the peptide fragment.

Answer 39

MHC class 2