Jewett

Question 1

Activation of which cell type is a necessary first step for the induction of adaptive immunity?

Answer 1

antigen presenting cells

Question 2

Activated macrophages secrete which cytokines?

Answer 2

IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, TNF-alpha

Question 3

local function of cytokines

Answer 3

increase cell function during inflammation (other immune effectors, endothelial cells, fibroflast, and keratinocytes)

Question 4

distant function of cytokines

Answer 4

increase function of distant organs –> elevate temp –> fever and pain

Question 5

What releases chemokines?

Answer 5

phagocytic and dendritic cells

Question 6

what are the four different families of chemokines

Answer 6

C, CC, CXC, CXXXC

Question 7

leukocytes bind to each other or to endothelial cells via –

Answer 7

adhesion molecules

Question 8

kinds of selectins

Answer 8

P and E

Question 9

adhesion molecule important in initial interactions of leukocytes with endothelial cells

Answer 9

selectins

Question 10

selectins are expressed on –

Answer 10

activated endothelium

Question 11

binding of selectins is –

Answer 11

weak

Question 12

adhesion molecule, – binds to sialyl lewisx (cell recognition)

Answer 12

selectin

Question 13

types of integrins

Answer 13

CD11a, CD11b, CD11c, CD29

Question 14

adhesion molecule that binds to other cell adhesion molecules and ECM

Answer 14

integrins

Question 15

adhesion molecule, integrin has – binding

Answer 15

strong

Question 16

T/F: integrins are expressed on many cells

Answer 16

true

Question 17

which adhesion molecule binds to Ig

Answer 17

integrins

Question 18

types of Ig superfamily

Answer 18

ICAM-1, ICAM-2, VCAM-1, PECAM

Question 19

T/F: Ig expressed on many cells including activated endothelium

Answer 19

true

Question 20

cytokine, TNF-alpha, is produced during inflammation and aids in containing infection but overproduction can result in

Answer 20

sepsis

Question 21

TNF-alpha is a – cytokine with diverse functions

Answer 21

pluripotent

Question 22

TNF-alpha as well as IL-1 and IL-6 released by phagocytes activate –

Answer 22

acute phase response proteins

Question 23

What does acute phase response proteins like C-reactive protein bind?

Answer 23

phosphocholine portion of bacterial cell wall LPS

Question 24

function of acute phase response proteins like C-reactive proteins

Answer 24

opsonization and activation of complement

Question 25

mannose-binding lectins, SP-A and SP-D are – proteins

Answer 25

acute phase

Question 26

interferons are produced during –

Answer 26

viral infections

Question 27

signaling through interferon receptors activate – of transx which is involved in the transx of genes that inhibit viral infections

Answer 27

JAK/STAT pathways

Question 28

function of oligoadenylate synthetase

Answer 28

degrades viral RNA

Question 29

function of PKR kinase

Answer 29

inhibit viral replication

Question 30

function of Mx

Answer 30

inhibits influenze virus

Question 31

interferons also activate – to contain infection

Answer 31

NK cells

Question 32

What are several lymphocyte subpopulations which behave as intermediates between adaptive and innate immunity

Answer 32

B1 B cells

gamma-delta T cells and NKT cells