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jensen2 Flashcards

1
Q

best indicator liver synthetic ability

A

PT

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2
Q

best indicator liver excretory function

A

bilirubin

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3
Q

anion gap

A

Na - (Cl + HCO3)

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4
Q

increased anion gap

A

LUK SEMP - lactic acidosis, uremia, ketoacidosis, salicylates, ethylene glycol, methanol, paraldehyde

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5
Q

large a waves

A

MS, heart block, atrial myxoma

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6
Q

large v waves

A

MR, MS, CHF, VSD

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7
Q

ascites with hepatic failure

A

decreased intravascular oncotic pressure

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8
Q

citrate toxicity symptoms

A

hypotension, poor CO, decreased SVR - aggravated by hypothermia and hyperkalemia (more pronounced with renal failure)

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9
Q

increased risk for TNS

A

lidocaine, lithotomy, out patient

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10
Q

altitude change and gas

A

high altitudes/lower atmospheric pressure = increased vapor pressure (higher amount delivered than on dial)

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11
Q

nitrogen wash out

A

breathe 100% O2, measure nitrogen volume at initial concentration and final to calculate FRC

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12
Q

biceps strength dermatome

A

C5-C6

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13
Q

thumb dermatome

A

C6

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14
Q

triceps strength dermatome

A

C7-C8

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15
Q

little finger dermatome

A

C8

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16
Q

nipple dermatome

A

T4-5

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17
Q

umbilicus dermatome

A

T10

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18
Q

iliopsoas strength dermatome

A

L2-3

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19
Q

knee jerk/quads dermatome

A

L3-4

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20
Q

toe extension dermatome

A

L4-5

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21
Q

great toe dermatome

A

L5

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22
Q

plantar flexion dermatome

A

S1

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23
Q

factor Xa mechanism of action

A

catalyzes conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

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24
Q

clopidogrel/ticlopidine

A

noncompetitively and irreversibly inhibits ADp induced platelet aggregation

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25
Q

argatroban metabolism and monitor

A

metabolized by liver, monitor with PTT (used for patients with history of HIT)

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26
Q

lepirudin mechanism and metab

A

direct thrombin inhibitor; renally cleared (used for patients with history of HIT)

27
Q

argatroban mechanism

A

direct thrombin inhibitor (liver metabolism)

28
Q

fondaparinux (arixtra) mechanism

A

inhibitor of activated factor X (for DVT prophylaxis)

29
Q

best indication of ischemia in OR

A

(TEE) lead II and V ST depression is 95% sensitive

30
Q

treat heparin resistance

A

FFP or recombinant antithrombin III

31
Q

common MAOIs

A

Isocarboxazid (Marplan), Phenelzine (Nardil)

Selegiline (Emsam), Tranylcypromine (Parnate)

32
Q

face mask flow and %

A

8-10 L/min; 40-60%

33
Q

nasal cannula O2 enhancement

A

4-5% per liter (max ~55%)

34
Q

nasal cannula reservoir

A

concentration of O2 is function of oxygen flow rate (does not exceed peak inspiratory flow rate for normal tidal 40 L/min) and minute ventilation - hypovent=FiO2 high vs hypervent=FiO2 low

35
Q

venture mask

A

FiO2 is independent of minute ventilation and inspiratory flow rate - oxygen concentration can be controlled

36
Q

NO mechanism

A

acetylcholine stim release of NO which stim cGMP - decrease in intracellular calcium

37
Q

highest MAC requirements

A

2-3 months old

38
Q

sevo/mac/peds

A

same MAC for neonates and infants

39
Q

hyperaldosteronism

A

HTN, hypokalemia (ass with polyuria and polydipsia), treat with aldosterone antagonist spironolactone

40
Q

fluid for craniotomy

A

NS ok, avoid solutions with glucose, avoid LR (273 osm) because decreases plasma osm and may increase incidence of cerebral edema

41
Q

avoid CMV in blood products

A

WBC washed

42
Q

hyperventilation treats…

A

hyperkalemia

43
Q

baclofen mechanism

A

GABA B agonist that works centrally

44
Q

baclofen se

A

drowsiness, dizziness, GI symptoms, confusion, hypotension

45
Q

central retinal artery

A

ass with venous drainage obstruction or cardiac surgery with emboli; cherry red macula

46
Q

ant ischemic optical neuropathy

A

ass with older, DM, HTN, SLE, open heart surgery; unilateral blindess 2/2 pressure on globe

47
Q

post ischemic optical neuropathy

A

ass with hypotension, decreased hct; bilateral, prone position, no optic disk abnormality

48
Q

cortical blindness

A

ass with cardiac/thoracic surgery, CABG, hypotension; bilateral with loss of optokinetic reflex

49
Q

meperidine and heart

A

causes tachycardia

50
Q

midazolam bioavailability

A

higher with IM than intranasal

51
Q

estimating age with weight

A

(age x 2) +9

52
Q

rocuronium and vecuronium metab

A

mainly biliary excretion, but use caution with liver and renal dysfunction

53
Q

anticholinesterase inhibitors and kidney

A

renal failure prolongs

54
Q

oxygen delivery equation

A

O2 content ([1.34xhgbxSaO2] + [0.003 x PaO2]) x CO

55
Q

zoster common location

A

thoracic and upper lumbar

56
Q

trifurcation on bronchoscope

A

right upper lobe bronchial segment

57
Q

dead space increase

A

upright position, neck extension, age, anticholinergics, PE, hypotension, emphysema, COPD, anesthesia machine, rebreathing

58
Q

electrical cardioversion contraindications

A

dig toxicity and hypokalemia

59
Q

fixed lesion

A

subglottic stenosis

60
Q

variable extra-thoracic lesion

A

supraglottic tumor

61
Q

variable intra-thoracic lesion

A

bronchial adenoma

62
Q

abductor of vocal cords

A

posterior cricoarytenoid muscle innervated by RLN

63
Q

direct thrombin inhibitors

A

argatraban, lepirudin, hirudin, dabigatran, bivalirudin,

Anesthesia (16 decks)

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