Jefferson's Presidency Flashcards
Revolution of 1800
Jefferson’s Victory
Wins with help of southern and western farmer vote. Revoution from elitists gov. to a people centered gov. Arron Bur helps get NY, using connections, like machine politics to make sure people vote for Jefferson. Votes become a tie, and because nobody can decide on electoral votes, the vote goes to the Senate, where TJ gets presidency, and Burr gets VP. Victory of common man over the elite. Peaceful transfer of power.
Revolution of 1800
Federalists party considered
Positives- helped strengthen the economy. Hamilton’s plan. Bind wealth to the national gov. Strong emphasis on national gov. keeps the young country together. Adams kept country out of war.
Negatives- limited democracy. Alien and Sedition act. Helped lead to sectionalism.
Spirit of ‘76 is back
Declaration of independence, the goal is continuing to come back. Anti-elitism. Jefferson shows restraint, wants to bring groups together, we’re all Americans. Doesn’t immediately remove everything Adam’s had done.
Democratic republicans Weakened
Doesn’t fire federalists politicans
Jefferson’s desire to unite country hurts. He creates the naturalization law of 1802 that takes the alien act from 14-5 years to become a citizen. The excise tax gets repealed, helps the farmer. Helps to reduce the national debt, unlike Hamilton who liked the debt.
Attack on the Judicial Branch
Judiciary act of 1801
Adams appoints 16 justices in his last few dates in office. He appoints John Marshall as the new chief justice of the Supreme court. Served 34 years. Federalist. Marbury vs Madison creates judicial review. Marbury is supposed to get the commission for being chief of peace. john Marshall comes back that the part of Judiciary act of 1801 doesn’t give him the right in the constitution to his stuff. Establishes Judicial Review, they establish what is constitutional.
Jefferson Reduces the Military
Fear of standing military. 2,500 men. Gets rid of some of the larger naval ships, for the coast, not for the merchant ships. Establishes West point.
Louisiana Purchase 1803
France again in North America. Us wants to sail down the Mississippi. France looks like a threat, that Jefferson looks to making an alliance with England because they need to be able to get out of the Mississippi river. Jefferson sends Monroe to France. Offer is what if we buy New Orleans, but we pay 15 million for all of Louisiana purchase.
How is Construction Changing?
Jefferson doesn’t have the power to purchase such a large area of territory. It’s not in the constuttiona. Construction- federalists used the elastic clause, DR were strict. Changing of construction. Federalists don’t liek how he has this power. Goes beyond the Constitution.
Impact of Louisiana Purchas
Assures Jeffersons win. Louis and Clark expedition.
Jefferson’s Second Term
Re-elected in 1804
Everybody loves jefferson because of Louisiana Purchase. Leader of Federalists party is dead, Aaron Bur kills Hamilton. Essex Junto. Hamilton accuses Bur of joining the essex Junto to succeed from the country.
Jefferson’s Second Term
England Harassing US
French and British don’t want US to trade with each other. US public demands war after the Chesapeake-Leopard incidient with a British Ship.
Jefferson’s Second Term
Jefferson’s Embargo, 1807
Cuts off war with all combatants, like all of Europe. Increase in federal power, lose constructionist. Federalists cry fowl. Things are changing with federalists and DR view of government power. Economy comes to a halt. Loss of trade increases manufacturing in Northeast. Jefferson repeals embargo at the end of the term in 1809. Non-intercourse act allows trade with everybody besides main two combatants.
