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Education - 1st year > Jean Piaget > Flashcards

Jean Piaget Flashcards

1
Q

Assimilation

A
  • a child changes/adapts somethings from the external environment do that it can fit into the pre-existing scheme
  • taking in

A child always calling furry, four-legged animas a dog -> she will eventually create/develop a separate scheme for other animals

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2
Q

Accommodation

A
  • a child changes/adapts a pre-existing scheme or cognitive structure to better fit the external environment
  • change understanding to bring in knowledge/give room for new knowledge
  • making changes in our structures for those object that don’t quite fit into our existing structures

Noticing the difference between a dog and cat and no longer calling both dog

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3
Q

Factors that drive cognitive development

A
  1. Maturation
  2. Experience and practice
  3. Social interaction and transmission
  4. Equilibration
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4
Q

Explain maturation

A
  • maturation of the nervous and endocrine systems (glands), enabling the individual to function in a particular way
  • the individual also interacts with his/her environment in a particular way - a walking child differs from a crawling child)
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5
Q

Explain experience and practice

A
  • maturation is not enough got cognitive development to occur, it needs practice and experience
  • through experience, children become aware of the characteristics of objects and also learn the rules that apply in a situation
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6
Q

Explain social interaction and transmission

A
  • people (parents, teachers, family members) educate and transmit knowledge through social interaction
  • important to expose children to situations where they interact with others to gain new knowledge
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7
Q

Explain equilibration

A
  • means balance - things making sense
  • dos is the opposite
  • this process occurs when children attempt to solve problems through a self-regulatory biological system
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8
Q

Organization

A

Organizing our ideas into coherent structures

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9
Q

Name Piaget’s cognitive development stages and ages

A
  1. Sensorimotor (birth-2 years)
  2. Pre-operational (2-7 years)
  3. Concrete operational (7-11 years)
  4. Forms operational ( adolescence - adulthood)
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10
Q

Name the stages in the sensorimotor stage and ages

A
  1. The use of reflexes (birth - 1 month)
  2. Primary circular reactions (1 month- 4 months)
  3. Secondary circular reactions (4 months- 10 months)
  4. The coordination of secondary schemes (10 months - 12 months)
  5. Tertiary circular reactions (12 months - 18 months)
  6. The beginnings of though (18 months - 2 years)
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11
Q

Explain stage 1 (the use of reflexes)

A
  • when children learn about and try to understand the world around them by doing things like grasping, sucking, crawling
  • use of senses and simple reflexes
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12
Q

Explain stage 2 (primary circular reactions)

A

• when a baby comes upon a new experience and tried to repeat it

Bringing thumb/hand back and forth to mouth

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13
Q

Explain stage 3 (secondary circular reactions)

A
  • occurs when a baby discovers and copies/reproduces an interesting event outside of himself/herself
  • more advanced (shaking rattle because they like the sound)
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14
Q

Explain stage 4 (coordination of secondary schemes)

A
  • infants actions become more differentiated

* they learn to coordinate two separate schemes to get a result

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15
Q

Explain stage 5 (tertiary circular reactions)

A

• the child will experiment with different actions to observe/see the different outcomes

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16
Q

Explain stage 6 (the beginnings of thought)

A

• children think out situations internally before they act

17
Q

Name the two further stages that Pre-operational stage is divided into with ages

A

Pre-conceptual phase (2-4 years)

Intuitive phase (4-7 years)

18
Q

Explain pre-conceptual phase

A
  • children identity objects by names of classes (all men = daddy)
  • illogical thinking and reasoning
  • egocentric nature (seeing the world from only his/her standpoint)
19
Q

Explain intuitive phase

A
  • concepts are much more advanced
  • thinking is carried out intuitively and not logically
  • incapable of reversibility (reversing), conservation (see object as permanent when shape changes), seriation (arranging things increasing/decreasing size), classification
20
Q

Explain concrete operational stage

A
  • child can now do what they couldn’t in Pre-operational
  • child is capable of using logic for reasoning on concrete evidence
  • they understand differences and similarities
  • less egocentric
21
Q

Explain Formal operations stage

A
  • highest level of thinking attained by man
  • ability to critique and debate
  • able to concentrate his thoughts on things that have no existence - except in his/her mind

Education - 1st year (7 decks)

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