JC Flashcards
1
Q
What are the observations?
A
- personal
- reported
2
Q
explanation
A
can it already be found?
3
Q
hypotheses
A
- null + alternative
- testable
- combine question with existing knowledge
- predictions
- experiments to test these predictions
4
Q
experimental design
A
- iterations and improvements
- does it test at multiple scales?
5
Q
findings
A
- how are they written up and presented?
- open
- peer reviewed
- conference/preprint
- social media/blog
6
Q
integration
A
- into existing knowledge
- general explanation/phenomenon
7
Q
headlines
A
- sensational?
- solved/prevented/cured
- accurate?
8
Q
Observing/questioning tips
A
- explain why the q matters to understanding the phenomenon
- make observations in different contexts/places; check that the problem/phenomenon is real
- financial feasibility
- does it consult prior literature/theory/experts?
9
Q
Observing/questioning pitfalls
A
- oversimplifying an existing field/minimising prior work
- not explaining why something is interesting/important
- confirmation bias
- not justifying why doing study matters
10
Q
confirmation bias
A
- assuming that a phenomenon exists or thinking that you know the answer, then forming a question retrospectively
- only testing predictions to confirm/neutral
11
Q
Hypotheses tips
A
- a priori
- true alternatives
- plausible
- falsifiable
- not tangential
- not too broad
- actually look at the question of interest
12
Q
true alternatives
A
attempt to address the same phenomenon
13
Q
Prediction tips
A
- clear
- measurable given technical, time and financial constraints
- pre-registration
14
Q
Hypotheses pitfalls
A
- confusing with predictions
- not mutually exclusive
- answer a complementary q
- post-hoc data mining
15
Q
what is the difference between a hypothesis and a prediction
A
hypotheses need context
