JBU final NEW UNITS Flashcards
1
Q
Causes of War of 1812
A
- devastation from the Embargo Act
- British impressments continued
- rumors that British were encouraging the natives to attack whites
2
Q
Problems in the War of 1812
A
- their goal was to attack Canada
- based goal on faulty premise
- Napolean fails to divert British army
- 1814 British invasions
3
Q
Battle of New Orleans (War of 1812)
A
- Big win for US
- Andrew Jackson helped them win
- interpreted as the winning battle of 1812
4
Q
Significance of War of 1812
A
- the peace treaty changed nothing
- boosted American Nationalism
- More respect abroad
- final downfall for Federalists
5
Q
Market revolution
A
- transportation changed everything
- transition of small farms to mass producing one crop
- transitioned to a market orientation
6
Q
Effects of Erie Canal
A
- lowered cost of shipping materials
- encouraged rapid increase of commercial agriculture
- larger domestic market for factories
- spread cotton to slavery
7
Q
Big significance of erie canal
A
- importance of clocks
- Growth of cities and factories
- people worked outside of home
- people had bosses and fewer skills
8
Q
2nd Great Awakening
A
- Reaction to materialism
- Charles Finney
- it was dynamic, dramatic
- increased religion/ free will
- this was a planned event
- focused on works will get you into heaven
- Public Sphere
9
Q
challenges to the market revolution
A
- created unions (workingmen parties)
- benefits didn’t reach everyone
- too materialistic
- hindered freedom
10
Q
Democratization
A
the way in which the commoners began to wield power.
11
Q
Missouri Compromise
A
- Missouri wants to become a slave state
- allowed slavery in Missouri
- But admitted Maine as a free state
- prohibited slavery in the Louisiana purchase
- says that north is free / south is slavery
12
Q
Monroe Doctrine
A
- the US would stay out of wars in EU
- no further colonial efforts in US
- EU should not interfere with new Latin Nations
13
Q
Democrats (around 1822)
A
- Supported Jackson
- tended to be southern
- worried about gaps between rich & poor
- supported slavery
- most farmers
14
Q
Whigs
A
- Clay and Adams supporters
- governmental enforcement or morality
- farmers who supported internal improvements
- strongest in NE
15
Q
Andrew Jackson
A
- all ways of decreasing the power/size of government
- Indian Removal act
- nullification crisis
- national bank veto
16
Q
Bank War
A
- jackson viewed the bank as a monster
- became an election issue
- if Jackson signed the bill he would alienate specific followers
- jackson signs it and still wins
17
Q
significance of bank war
A
- the supreme court had already declared bank as constitutional in McCullough V Maryland
- showed that he thought the Executive branch was more powerful then the others
18
Q
Tariff of 1828
A
- raised taxes on imported goods
- protected American industry by encouraging Americans to buy American products
- Hurt South - caused other nations to tax American goods
19
Q
Nullification Crisis
A
- backlash of tariff of 1828
- John C. Calhoun
- fueled by the need to protect slavery
- believed the federal government needed to be weakened so that it couldn’t ever be outlawed
20
Q
Jackson’s response to Nullification crisis
A
- thought it was treason
- sent warships to enforce the laws
- argued if the federal government didn’t have power to enforce laws, it has no power at all
21
Q
Indian Removal act of 1830
A
- passed because of pressure to find new territory for slavery to expand and secure natural resources
- Uprooted Civilized tribes
- removed them to oklahoma
- but supreme court says natives can stay
22
Q
Jackson’s response to indian removal act
A
- defied the supreme court
- 18,000 indians were forced on trail of tears
23
Q
Planter Paternalism
A
it was a delusion, it was the idea that the slaveholder was protecting his slaves and taking good care of them
24
Q
Nat Turner
A
- He was a slave preacher in Virginia
- He believed that God had chosen him to lead an uprising.
- he and his rebellion killed 60 whites
- scared the south
- new laws prohibited blacks from reading, having firearms, and preaching
25
Utopian Communities
- most religious, some secular
- almost all founded on cooperation
- 100 communities between 1830-1860
26
Shakers
- Believed God was both male and female
- equality of gender
- abandoned family life- having children
27
Oneida
- John Humphrey
- believed they were sinless
- free love
- abandoned values by 1880 - became most famous silverware company
28
Mormons
- founded by Joseph Smith
- voted as unit, performed polygamy
- smith murdered
- Brigham Young continued
29
transcendentalism
spiritual thinking over scientific thinking
- led by Ralph Waldo Emerson
30
Brook Farm Community
- based on the idea of Transcendentalism
- founded by Ripley
- physical labor was good
- simpler life
31
Christian Perfectionism
the process of achieving spiritual maturity and union with God
32
temperance
moderation or self restraint
33
William Lloyd Garrison
published a newspaper that helped lead the successful abolitionist campaign
34
Uncle Tom's Cabin
- story about the clash between christian beliefs and slavery
35
Log Cabin Campaign
- politicians forced to court voters
- President harrison gets booted and Tyler takes over
- dual party system questioned
36
Seneca Falls Convention
- first women's right convention
- beginning of suffrage movement
37
Manifest Destiny
it is God's will that the US should become a continental nation, ocean to ocean
38
James K. Polk
- slaveholder
- friend of andrew jackson
- instigated the Mexican - American war
- expand the US
- GET CALIFORNIA
39
Mexican American War
- inspired by Manifest Destiny
- one sided - americans got everything and more
- Turning point in US - (went against monroe doctrine)
- opened up issue of slavery
- established present boundaries of US
40
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
- confirmed texas annexation
- US pays 15 million
41
Wilmot Proviso
- proposal to prohibit slavery from all territory gained from Mexico
- party lines no longer mattered
- north vs south
42
free soil party
- opponents of the expansion of slavery
- only successful 3rd party
- were racist
- goal: preserve the land of the west for white men
43
popular sovereignty
states should be able to decide for themselves
- vote of the people
44
Compromise of 1850
- california would be a free state
- slave trade abolished in Washington DC
- Fugitive slave act
- status of slavery determined by popular sovereignty
45
Fugitive Slave Act Sig.
- south usually supported states rights, but now they supported an expansion of federal power
- slavery had become more important then state rights
- maddened northerners
46
Kansas Nebraska Act:
- Kansas/Nebraska should be free
- extended popular sovereignty to these areas
- nullified the missouri compromise
- provided territorial governments for K/N
47
John Brown
thought God called him to murder the pro-slave people
48
Sign. of Kansas Nebraska Act:
- kansas becomes a free state
- new party system (democrats vs republicans)
- divided north vs south
49
Bleeding Kansas
Charles Sumner was beaten with a cane by Preston Brooks
- started the first blows of the civil war
- Abolitionist vs pro slavery
50
Dred Scott
- slave for new jersey
- he thought because he was in a free state he should be free
- case dismissed bc no black man could ever be free
- congress has no power to restrict the movement of slavery over territories
51
Battle of Antietam
- bloodiest battle of the war
- union's luck - found Confederate's plan
- kept other nations from supporting the confederacy
- provided opportunity for Emancipation Proclamation
52
Emancipation Proclamation
- freed slaves in the confederate states were lincoln had no power
- did not free all slaves
- did not free slaves under union control
- shifted the war from the fight to preserve the union to abolish slavery
53
54th Massachusetts (black union soldiers)
- weren't given rights of a white soldier
- front lines to die first
- lincoln transformed his perspective
54
Battle of Gettysburg
- not a planned fight
- outcome in doubt until final day
- Union victory
- turning point bc confederates could never recover
- prompted Gettysburg address
55
