Jaundice

Question 1

Pre-hepatic causes of jaundice

Answer 1

Haemolysis
- SCD
- Thalassemia major
- Infection: haemolytic uraemic syndrome

Question 2

Hepatocellular causes of jaundice

Answer 2

Hepatitis
- Viral
- Drug induced (common paracetamol)
- Alcohol induced
- Autoimmune

Metabolic disorders
- Gilbert syndrome
- Crigler Najjar syndrome

Question 3

Cholestatic/ obstructive causes of jaundice

Answer 3

Common bile duct stone

Pancreatic cancer/ cholangocarcinoma

Primary billiary sclerosis

Primary sclerosisng cholangitis

Biliary strictures

Question 4

Neonatal causes of jaundice

Answer 4

Physiological (within first week)

Breatfeeding, breastmilk jaundice

Haemolysis
- Rhesus disease
- G6PD deficiency

Biliary obstruction
- Biliary atresia
- Choledochal cyst
- Biliary stricture

Genetic conditions
- Criglet najjar syndrome
- Cystic fibrosis
- Galactosemia

Question 5

Signs of conjugated hyperbilirubinemia

Answer 5

Dark urine

Pale stools