Japan's Movement to Global War

Question 1

Matthew Perry

Answer 1

a US Commodore who went on an expedition to japan in 1853 that forced Japan to open its ports to trade with the US

Question 2

Russo-Japanese War

Answer 2

1904-1905
War between Japan and Russia over Manchuria and Korea, led to a Japanese victory and Japan establishing itself as a major global power

Question 2

First Sino-Japanese War

Answer 2

1894-1895
War between Japan and the Qing Dynasty over control of Korea, resulted in a Japanese victory and Japan gaining Taiwan, the Liaodong Peninsula, and other territories, which made it a major regional power

Question 3

Meiji Restoration

Answer 3

1868
A period of rapid industrialization and political reform under the new Meiji emperor instead of the Tokugawa Shogunate

Question 4

Twenty One Demands

Answer 4

1915
Ultimatum presented to China from Japan seeking to expand Japanese influence over China during WW1

Question 5

Washington Naval Conferenece

Answer 5

1921-1922
Conference between major naval powers that left major resentment in Japan as the other Western powers were allowed to build far more warships than they were

Question 6

Invasion of Manchuria

Answer 6

1931
Japanese invasion of Manchuria that undermined the credibility of the League of Nations and allowed Japan to gain more control over China. Allowed Japan to get more aggressive

Question 7

Mukden Incident

Answer 7

1931
Incident where Japanese claimed that Chinese troops had blown up a section of railroad, while probably planting it themselves, which allowed for the Japanese to invade Manchuria

Question 8

Nanjing Massacre

Answer 8

1937
Brutal attack by the Japanese during the second Sino-Japanese War where the troops committed mass atrocities against the Chinese civilians, like murder, sexual assault, and looting

Question 9

Tripartite Act

Answer 9

1940
Treaty between Japan, Germany, and Italy, solidifying them as the Axis powers and confirming their alliance, showed Japan’s departure from international cooperation

Question 10

Why did Japan invade Manchuria?

Answer 10

because it had a low population and a lot of resources that Japan needed and could put people to work in gaining

Question 11

Kwantung Army

Answer 11

Japan’s army that intervened and acted insubordinately to kick off the manchurian crisis

Question 12

Lytton Commission

Answer 12

commission formed to investigate the Mukden Incident and the invasion of Manchuria, and recommended that Japan pull back its forces and all of the League of Nations voted to condemn Japan, but they just withdrew and had no real consequences

Question 13

Open Door Policy

Answer 13

the US’s policy that all nations should have equal access to Chinese markets

Question 14

Stimson Doctrine

Answer 14

doctrine that said the USA would not recognize border changes that resulted from war, was the only real action against Japan invading Manchuria, and they didn’t do much else

Question 15

Second United Front

Answer 15

when the CCP and the Kuomintang cooperated to form a united front against the invasion of the Japanese

Question 16

Marco Polo Bridge Incident

Answer 16

1937 incident where Chinese and Japenese troops fought near the bridge, which led to war between the two

Question 17

Oil Embargo of 1941

Answer 17

US ban of selling oil to Japan in 1941 in response to their occupation of Indochina and possibility of attacking the phillipines– devastating for the Japanese, so they needed to invade Indonesia