Jan/Feb bio test Flashcards
genes, cloning, ev. trees, natural selection, that kinda thing yk
Name all 5 receptors
Eyes, ears, nose, hands, mouth
Name the 2 coordinators
brain, spinal cord
name the 2 main effectors
muscles, glands
What are reflexes?
special type of nervous impulse which is automatic and is designed to protect you.
reflexes- They travel through a ______ _______ in the spine called a ______ ______. This makes them faster than normal impulses.
reflexes- they travel through a third neurone in the spine called a relay neurone. This makes them faster than normal impulses.
What are evolutionary trees used to show?
Evolutionary trees show how recently species branched from one another, how closely related different species are, and what different species evolved from.
What is natural selection also known as?
Survival of the fittest
Explain an example of natural selection to do with moths.
There were white moths that blended in with the white trunks of trees to protect themselves from birds. When the trees changed black, they were spotted more easily and their population went down, whereas black moths’ population went up.
Why might a species become extinct?
When they can’t adapt to a changing environment, disease, poaching.
The _______ system releases chemical messages called _________.
The endocrine system releases chemical messages called hormones.
Give an example of the endocrine system in action
The blood sugar level is monitored by the pancreas, causing hormones to be released and sent to the liver
When a new species is discovered, it is given a binomial name. What is a binomial name?
A name with two parts, for example: a tiger = ‘panthera tigris’.
How is a binomial name given to a new species?
The first name refers to the genus and the second name refers to the species.
Explain speciation
Species that have been geographically isolated may meet again. If they meet again and they cannot breed to produce fertile offspring then the species has changed so much during separation that they are now separate species
Genes are made of _____ that codes for certain _________.
Genes are made of DNA that codes for certain characteristics.