Jainism

Question 1

What is Jiva?

Answer 1

the life giving spirit. can accrue karma.

Question 2

“Jiva” means….

Answer 2

to breathe (sanskrit)

Question 3

What is Ajiva?

Answer 3

nonliving matter. experiences no pleasure, pain, birth, or death. CANNOT accumulate karma.

Question 4

Hierarchy of Jiva

Answer 4

1. humans
2. animals
3. plants
4. microscopic life forms

Question 5

Explain Karma

Answer 5

Karma is an actual substance which sticks to ones jiva and built up through negativity in this world.

Question 6

How is Karma reduced and eliminated?

Answer 6

Through reincarnations.

Question 7

The focus of Jainism is on…

Answer 7

moral behavior and not individual action

Question 8

Ascetic

Answer 8

to do without

Question 9

“jina”

Answer 9

conqueror or victor

Question 10

celibacy

Answer 10

not having sex

Question 11

chastity

Answer 11

not wanting to have sex

Question 12

Jainism splinters off of…

Answer 12

hinduism

Question 13

Jainism is _____ affirming but ______ denying

Answer 13

Jainism is life affirming but world denying

Question 14

What is the ultimate goal of Jainism?

Answer 14

to release the soul from the round of rebirth and liberate jiva from matter

Question 15

What is the ultimate goal of Jainism?

Answer 15

to release the soul from the round of rebirth (moksha) and liberate jiva from matter therefore becoming Jina.

Question 16

How many Tirthankarad where there?

Answer 16

24

Question 17

Parsva was the _____ Tirthankara.

Answer 17

23rd

Question 18

Where was Parsva born?

Answer 18

in Banaras

Question 19

At what age did Parsva renounce world pleasures and begin a life of austerity?

Answer 19

age 30

Question 20

At what age did Parsva renounce world pleasures and begin a life of austerity?

Answer 20

age 30

Question 21

The name Mahavira means…

Answer 21

Great Hero

Question 22

Mahavira is known as the…

Answer 22

Reformer

Question 23

Mahavira existed during the…

Answer 23

Axial Age

Question 24

Mahavira was the ____ and ____ Tirthankarad.

Answer 24

24th and final

Question 25

What is the birth story of Mahavira?

Answer 25

His mother did not feel discomfort and his birth was painless.

Question 26

Mahavira is a contemporary of _________.

Answer 26

Buddha

Question 27

Parsva was married to...

Answer 27

the daughter of a king.

Question 28

Mahavira renounced at age...

Answer 28

30.

Question 29

How did Mahavira become "Jina"?

Answer 29

he spent 12 years as an ascetic renunciant

Question 30

Mahavira died around...

Answer 30

527 BCE

Question 31

What is Ishatpragbhara?

Answer 31

The realm of bliss beyond life and death

Question 32

Who is Jina?

Answer 32

an enlightened being who has conquered material existance and recieved Moksha

Question 33

Jains view the universe as...

Answer 33

eternal and uncreated

Question 34

Jains reject...

Answer 34

supreme beings or creative spirits

Question 35

Karma sticks to your Jiva for ___________.

Answer 35

All of your reincarnations.

Question 36

What are the three basic principles of Jainism/spiritual discipline?

Answer 36

1. ahimsa 2. aparigraha 3. anekantwad

Question 37

Ahimsa

Answer 37

non-injury or violence of any living being (aka anything with Jiva)

Question 38

Aparigraha

Answer 38

non attachment to things or people

Question 39

Anekantwad

Answer 39

nonhatred/non absolutism. do not assume that there is one truth or one path to the truth

Question 40

What is Ascetisicm?

Answer 40

a monastic life, detached from this world and society.

Question 41

Jain ascetics will practice the basic principles to a greater degree than...

Answer 41

lay Jains

Question 42

Most Jains practice what diet?

Answer 42

Vegetarian/vegan

Question 43

The fruititarian diet results in the least karma. Why?

Answer 43

because fruit falls naturally from the tree

Question 44

Why is there dietary restrictions on some root veggies?

Answer 44

because the plant cannot go without the root

Question 45

Why does honey produce Karma?

Answer 45

it is being taken from the bees

Question 46

Do eggs produce Karma?

Answer 46

only if they are fertilized

Question 47

What are the two sects of monastic jainism?

Answer 47

Digambaras and Svetambaras.

Question 48

Classify Digambaras

Answer 48

more conservative, men, who own as little as possible (maybe a bowl and feather duster only. not even clothes). chastity vow nomadic they believe that Mahavara DID NOT MARRY

Question 49

Digambaras believe that womens bodies are naturally more...

Answer 49

karma accruing

Question 50

Classify Svetambaras

Answer 50

liberal. women and men who wear white ropes and face masks. chastity vow live in communities volunteers will do their karma chores for them

Question 51

Describe Lay Jains

Answer 51

- householders - minimalists - often work in business, trade, etc - usually vegan (avoid animal products except milk in some cases)

Question 52

Lay Jains do NOT expect to...

Answer 52

receive Moksha in this lifetime

Question 53

The 5 "Great Vows" taken by all Monastic Jains

Answer 53

1. Ahimsa 2. Satya 3. Achaurya 4. Brahmacharya 5. Aparigraha

Question 54

Ahimsa

Answer 54

committing to reducing the suffering one causes on earth

Question 55

Satya

Answer 55

tell the truth. do not lie.

Question 56

Achaurya

Answer 56

do not steal, including taking beyond what you need

Question 57

Brahmacharya

Answer 57

celibacy and chastity

Question 58

Aparigraha

Answer 58

non attachment and non possessiveness of goods

Question 59

How many vows do Lay Jains have?

Answer 59

- 12 vows (the 5 monastic vows plus 7 more) | - intended to guide life in this world

Question 60

What is Sallekhana?

Answer 60

Sallekhana is self starvation which is encouraged to get rid of earthly goods and take a vow of non-attachment when approaching death

Question 61

What are the 4 occasions when Sallekhana is deemed okay?

Answer 61

1. Terminal Illness 2. Old Age 3. Injury that will eventually cause death 4. In instances of famine or drought

Question 62

Lay Jain holy days

Answer 62

- Mahavir Jayanti - birth of Mahavira - Paryushana Parva - 8 days of daily fasting and reflection - Mahavir Nirvah - HELP

Question 63

Is Jainism cosmological or transcendental?

Answer 63

TRANSCENDENTAL because: 1. humans are above nature according the the "Jiva hierarchy" 2. Anthropological (VIA Aparigraha) 3. Soul (Jiva)

Question 64

Ghandi's full name is...

Answer 64

Mohandas Gandhi

Question 65

Gandhi is known as the...

Answer 65

Mahatma, meaning great soul