J Flashcards
A human male inherits X-linked traits from
his mother
X-linked traits are passed from mother to son.
What is the function of SRY?
Determines male sex development
SRY (Sex-determining Region Y) gene triggers the formation of male characteristics.
The genes for narcolepsy were first identified in
Dogs
Two phenotypically normal individuals have an affected child. What can we conclude about the parents?
Both are carriers the disease allele
_______ is a site in the DNA that has a different base in at least 1% of the population.
Polymorphism
What do circles symbolize in a pedigree?
Females
Circles are used to represent female individuals in pedigree charts.
What do squares symbolize in a pedigree?
Males
Squares represent male individuals in pedigree charts.
What does the half filled symbol mean in a pedigree?
Carrier of a disease
What does the completed filled symbol mean in a pedigree?
Has disease
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
A dna streams with the sequence 3’ AACGTAACG 5’ is transcribed. What is the sequence of the mRNA molecule synthesized?
5’UUGCAUUGC 3’
_______ is a DNA base with a single ring structure, for example, cytosine and thymine.
Pyrimidine
Energy is required to break the hydrogen bonds holding the bases together. Which pair will be the most difficult to separate?
G-C pair
Guanine and Cytosine form three hydrogen bonds, making them more stable.
The first mRNA codon to specify an amino acid in a protein sequence is always
AUG
AUG codes for Methionine and serves as the start codon.
A mutation occurs during the DNA replication that precedes meiosis. True or false
True
A mutation occurs during the DNA replication that precedes mitosis.(T or f
True
Changing the codon ACC to AGA represents a _______ mutation.
Substitution
T or F. Gene expression patterns change over time and in different cell types.
True
What are the steps of PCR?
- Denaturation
- Annealing
- Elongation
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is a method to amplify DNA.
Explain denaturation.
Uses heat to open
Explain annealing.
Adds primers to DNA
Explain elongation.
Rapidly replicates
DNA is transcribed to RNA, which is translated to protein.
What does RNA stand for?
Ribonucleic Acid
