Bio Flashcards
How many pairs of autosomes does a human female have?
22 pairs
What sex chromosomes does a human female have?
XX
What are the units of heredity?
Genes
A normal human karyotype has a total of _______ chromosomes.
46
Cells that replicate themselves and generate differentiated cells when they divide are called _______.
Stem cells
Chromosome tips, or ________, function like cellular fuse that burns down as pieces are lost from the end.
Telomeres
Gametes, such as egg & sperm, are ________, which means that they have only one of each type of chromosome.
Haploid
Genetic variability arises during meiosis from _______.
Crossing over
Crossing over occurs during _______.
Prophase I of meiosis
Lysosome matches with what function?
Digestion and waste removal
Rough ER matches with what function?
Protein synthesis
Nucleus matches with what function?
DNA storage and replication
Smooth ER matches with what function?
Lipid synthesis
Golgi apparatus matches with what function?
Modification and packaging of proteins
Mitochondrion matches with what function?
Energy production
Peroxisome matches with what function?
Breakdown of fatty acids and detoxification
Ribosome matches with what function?
Protein synthesis
Genes compromise of _______ which is a double stranded polymer consisting of a chain of nucleotides.
DNA
The three components of DNA include: Phosphate, sugar, and base. What are the four bases?
- Adenine
- Thymine
- Cytosine
- Guanine
What are the stages of mitosis and cytokinesis?
- Prophase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase
- Cytokinesis
What base does RNA have that DNA does not?
Uracil
The allele that masks the effects of the other is _______ and the masked allele is _______.
- Dominant
- Recessive
In humans, the dominance relationship between the A & B alleles of the ABO blood group gene is an example of _______.
Codominance
The fatty sheath that coats the neuron extensions called axon is called _______.
Myelin
