IV Solutions

Question 1

Phlebitis

Answer 1

inflammation of veins

Question 2

Infiltration

Answer 2

Absent backflow of blood/fluid leaks out

Question 3

Extravasation

Answer 3

vesicant solution (medication) is administered and leaks into surrounding tissue

Question 4

Short peripheral catheters

Answer 4

dorsal surface of hands/forearm
In emergencies, place in neck
Avoid lower extremities

Question 5

Midline catheters

Answer 5

vein of upper arm

Question 6

Isotonic Solution / Uses / Precautions

Answer 6

equal
270-300

Burns
Hemorrhage
Surgery
Dehydration
➥ Vomiting & diarrhea

risk for fluid overload, especially in older adults

Question 7

Hypotonic Solution / Uses

Answer 7

into the cell to make it swell

• Intracellular dehydration such as DKA
• Never give to clients with burns
or liver disease
• Helps kidneys excrete excess fluids

give to pts who is HYPERGLACIMA

Question 8

Hypertonic Solution / Uses / Precautions

Answer 8

cells shrink

• Cerebral Edema
• Low levels of sodium (hyponatremia)
• Metabolic alkalosis
• Maintenance fluid
• Hypovolemia

cautious of causing hypervolemia

Question 9

Isotonic Fluid Types

Answer 9

used with blood products

0.9% saline (NS)
Lactated Ringers (LR)
5% dextrose (D5W)

Question 10

Hypotonic Precautions

Answer 10

Leads to intravascular fluid depletion

Decreased blood pressure

Cellular edema

Question 11

Hypotonic Solutions

Answer 11

0.45% NS
2.5% Dextrose
0.33% NS

Question 12

Hypertonic Solutions

Answer 12

5% dextrose in 0.9% saline (D5NS)
5% dextrose in 0.45% saline
5% dextrose in LR