IV fluids Flashcards
1
Q
fluid types (9)
A
normal saline (NS) lactate ringer (LR) D5W (5% dextrose in water) D10W (10% dextrose) 1/2NS D5 NS D5 1/2NS D5 1/4NS 3% NS
2
Q
What fluid type is used for bolus?
What is not given and why?
A
- use NS or LR
- don’t give dextrose - cause osmotic diuresis, leading to decreased intravascular volume
3
Q
How much is given in a bolus? (child vs adult)
A
children - 20mL/kg
adults - estimated (4-2-1 rule)
4
Q
how do you estimate maintenance volume for adults?
A
(4-2-1 rule) pt’s fluid requirements per hour:
- 4cc/kg for first 10kg
- 2cc/kg for next 10kg
- 1cc/kg for the remaining kg
ex: 70 kg pt [40 + 20 + 50 = 110cc/hr]
5
Q
When should you be concerned about fluid volume?
A
renal insufficiency or heart failure
- give no more than 60cc/hr, consult with internal med
6
Q
most common adult maintenance dose
A
D5 1/2NS with 20mEq KCl/L
7
Q
most common pediatric maintenance dose
A
D5 1/4NS with 20mEq KCl/L
8
Q
Sugar is added to the maintenance dose to prevent what?
A
muscle breakdown
9
Q
Urine output: adult, child, infant
A
adult = 0.5mL/kg/hr (70kg pt has 35mL/hr) child = 1mL/kg infant = 2mL/kg
