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BSCPE3-01 > ITE 076 > Flashcards

ITE 076 Flashcards

1
Q

The piece of code/program or set of instructions to execute a specific task is called _______.

A

Software

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2
Q

are designed to manage the systems and their activities

A

System Software

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3
Q

allows the user to interact with the computational system or system software

A

Application Software

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4
Q

is a system software which acts as intermediary between the hardware and user

A

Operating System

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5
Q

is a system software which Manages the system resources in an unbiased fashion between the hardware and software.

A

Operating System

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6
Q

is a system software which provides a platform on which other application programs are installed

A

Operating System

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7
Q

The _____ acts as interface between the user and the hardware (CPU, RAM, Hard drive etc.)

A

Operating System

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8
Q

Abstract of View of Computer System

A

Tier 0: were we have a computer hardware
Tier 1: Operating System
Tier 2: System and Application Programs, Device Drivers
Tier 3: User

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9
Q

The ______ is the core component of the OS which helps the user interact with the hardware

A

Kernel

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10
Q

If an application software want to access any hardware. Then it will request to kernel that request is called ______.

A

System call

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11
Q

The smallest entity a computer can process is called ______.

A

Bit

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12
Q

Eight bits = ______

A

1 Bytes

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13
Q

Number of bits a CPU processes simultaneously.

A

Word

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14
Q

Smallest storage device which stores the data in bits

A

Registers

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15
Q

6 Main Functions of a General-

A

Process Management
Memory Management
I/O Device Management
File System Management
Network Management
Security Management

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16
Q

is essentially a program in execution. It’s a dynamic entity with its own resources and program counter indicating the next instruction to be executed

A

Process

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17
Q

is a core function of any operating system. It’s responsible for the efficient and controlled execution of programs (processes) on computer system.

A

Process Management

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18
Q

Types processes in a computer

A

Based on CPU Utilization
Based on Relationship Between Processes
Based on Threading Model
Based on Process Creation
Based on System Interaction
Based on Process Priority

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19
Q

These processes spend most of their time performing computations and require significant CPU resources.

A

CPU-bound processes

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20
Q

These processes spend most of their time waiting for I/O operations to complete, such as reading from or writing to disks, network communication, or user input/output.

A

I/O-bound processes

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21
Q

Processes that do not share data or resources and do not affect each other’s execution.

A

Independent Processes

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22
Q

Processes that share data or resources and influence each other’s behavior.

A

Cooperating processes

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23
Q

Have a simple thread of control and can execute only one instruction at a time.

A

Single-threaded processes

24
Q

Have multiple threads of execution, allowing them to perform multiple tasks concurrently within the same process

A

Multi-threaded processes

25
Q

Created by an existing process (parent process) through system calls like fork() or spawn(). They share some resources with the parent but have their own address space.

A

Child processes

26
Q

Child processes whose parent process terminates before them. The operating system usually adopts them as its child.

A

Orphan Processes

27
Q

Interact directly with the user and require immediate response.

A

Foreground processes

28
Q

Run independently of user interaction and often perform tasks like system maintenance, printing, or network services

A

Background processes

29
Q

Require strict deadlines and have high priority to ensure timely execution

A

Real-time processes

30
Q

Do not have strict deadlines and can tolerate delays.

A

Non-real-time processes

31
Q

a crucial function of an operating system that handles the allocation and deallocation of primary memory (RAM) among various processes

A

Memory Management

32
Q

Maximizes the use of available memory by allocating it to processes as needed.

A

Efficient Utilization

33
Q

prevents processes from accessing memory regions allocated to others, ensuring data integrity and system stability

A

Protection

34
Q

Provides a simplified view of memory to processes, allowing developers to focus on their tasks without worrying about physical memory details

A

Abstraction

35
Q

Enables multiple processes to share memory regions when necessary, improving resource utilization

A

Sharing

36
Q

Dividing memory into smaller units for allocation to processes

A

Memory Partitioning

37
Q

Temporarily moving processes from main memory to secondary storage (disk) when memory is full and bringing them back when needed

A

Swapping

38
Q

creating illusion of larger memory space by using disk storage as an extension of main memory

A

Virtual Memory

39
Q

Dividing both physical and virtual memory into fixed-size blocks (pages and frames) for efficient management

A

Paging

40
Q

administration approach used in operating systems that divides memory into multiple-sized segments

A

Segmentation

41
Q

is an operating system which first came out in 1981 and was designed to run on PC compatible computers

A

MS-DOS(Microsoft Disk Operating System)

42
Q

when windows xp invent and last support

A

2001, 2014

43
Q

when windows vista invent and last support

A

2006, 2012 or 2017

44
Q

when windows 7 invent and last support

A

2009, 2015 or 2020

45
Q

when windows 8 invent and last support

A

2012, 2023

46
Q

when windows 10 invent and last support

A

2015, 2025

47
Q

when windows 11 invent and last support

A

2021

48
Q

this is the new AI assistant that anticipates yours needs and helps you take action.

A

Copilot

49
Q

windows 11 uses AI to improve search functionality

A

smarter search

50
Q

enables the ability to semantically search for anything you’ve ever done on your computer using natural language

A

recall

51
Q

in 1969 a team of developers of Bell Labs started a project to make a common software for all the computers and named it as ______

A

Unix

52
Q

in 1983 ________ developed GNU project with goal to make it free

A

Richard Stallman

53
Q

is an extensive collection of free software, which can be used as an operating system or can be used in parts with other operating systems

A

GNU

54
Q

Invented linux and when

A

Linus Torvalds, 1991

55
Q

the name of linux after become linux

A

Freax

BSCPE3-01 (6 decks)

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