CPE 053 Flashcards
is an electronic system designed for a specific function, typically integrated within a larger system in various fields of technology and computing.
embedded system
ROM
read-only memory
EPROM
erasable programmable read-only memory
must respond to service requests within specific time limits known as timing constraints.
Real-Time Systems
Missing the deadline results in severe consequences where a late response is considered useless or unacceptable.
Hard Timing Constraint
Missing the deadline leads to undesirable but tolerable consequences. A late response is still valuable as long as it occurs within an acceptable range, even if it happens occasionally with a low probability.
Soft Timing Constraint
provides best-effort services where requests are usually completed within a known finite time.
soft real-time system
meeting deadlines is critical to prevent severe consequences such as safety hazards or financial losses.
hard real-time systems
is a sophisticated system that uses radio waves to detect objects and determine their distance, altitude, direction, or speed.
Radar (Radio Detection and Ranging)
Comprising antenna, antenna feed, duplexer, and preselector filters, responsible for transmitting and receiving radio signals.
RF Subsystem
Includes digital waveform generator, upconverting mixer, and power amplifier to generate and transmit RF signals.
Transmitter Subsystem
Consists of low-noise amplifier (LNA), down converting mixer, and A/D converters to receive, filter, and process echo signals.
Receiver Subsystem
Pulse width determines detection range and close-range dead zone, while pulse repetition frequency (PRF) controls the rate of pulse transmission, impacting detection capabilities.
Pulse Characteristics
Utilizes statistical models and likelihood ratios to detect and track targets, with parameters adjusted by a controller module for optimal performance.
Signal Processing Subsystem
A technique used to mitigate interference by varying PRF parameters, improving target detection reliability.
PRF Staggering
Utilizing target motion models to forecast the future state of each track, which is crucial for anticipating target behavior under varying conditions.
Track Prediction
Tentatively assigning plots (detections) to established tracks if they fall within a specified threshold distance from the predicted track position.
Track Gating
Resolving potential plot ambiguities by linking plots to tracks using algorithms like nearest-neighbor methods. This step improves the accuracy of target state estimates and updates motion models, often employing smoothing techniques like the Kalman filter.
Track Association
Creating new tracks for unassociated plots, initially labeled as “tentative” until subsequent radar updates confirm their validity.
Track Initiation
Monitoring existing tracks to ensure they receive regular updates; tracks not updated within specified intervals may be terminated if the target is presumed to be absent.
Track Maintenance
_______ is a computationally intensive activity, which typically has several steps:
Tracking