CPE 053

Question 1

is an electronic system designed for a specific function, typically integrated within a larger system in various fields of technology and computing.

Answer 1

embedded system

Question 2

ROM

Answer 2

read-only memory

Question 3

EPROM

Answer 3

erasable programmable read-only memory

Question 4

must respond to service requests within specific time limits known as timing constraints.

Answer 4

Real-Time Systems

Question 5

Missing the deadline results in severe consequences where a late response is considered useless or unacceptable.

Answer 5

Hard Timing Constraint

Question 6

Missing the deadline leads to undesirable but tolerable consequences. A late response is still valuable as long as it occurs within an acceptable range, even if it happens occasionally with a low probability.

Answer 6

Soft Timing Constraint

Question 7

provides best-effort services where requests are usually completed within a known finite time.

Answer 7

soft real-time system

Question 8

meeting deadlines is critical to prevent severe consequences such as safety hazards or financial losses.

Answer 8

hard real-time systems

Question 9

is a sophisticated system that uses radio waves to detect objects and determine their distance, altitude, direction, or speed.

Answer 9

Radar (Radio Detection and Ranging)

Question 10

Comprising antenna, antenna feed, duplexer, and preselector filters, responsible for transmitting and receiving radio signals.

Answer 10

RF Subsystem

Question 11

Includes digital waveform generator, upconverting mixer, and power amplifier to generate and transmit RF signals.

Answer 11

Transmitter Subsystem

Question 12

Consists of low-noise amplifier (LNA), down converting mixer, and A/D converters to receive, filter, and process echo signals.

Answer 12

Receiver Subsystem

Question 13

Pulse width determines detection range and close-range dead zone, while pulse repetition frequency (PRF) controls the rate of pulse transmission, impacting detection capabilities.

Answer 13

Pulse Characteristics

Question 14

Utilizes statistical models and likelihood ratios to detect and track targets, with parameters adjusted by a controller module for optimal performance.

Answer 14

Signal Processing Subsystem

Question 15

A technique used to mitigate interference by varying PRF parameters, improving target detection reliability.

Answer 15

PRF Staggering

Question 16

Utilizing target motion models to forecast the future state of each track, which is crucial for anticipating target behavior under varying conditions.

Answer 16

Track Prediction

Question 17

Tentatively assigning plots (detections) to established tracks if they fall within a specified threshold distance from the predicted track position.

Answer 17

Track Gating

Question 18

Resolving potential plot ambiguities by linking plots to tracks using algorithms like nearest-neighbor methods. This step improves the accuracy of target state estimates and updates motion models, often employing smoothing techniques like the Kalman filter.

Answer 18

Track Association

Question 19

Creating new tracks for unassociated plots, initially labeled as “tentative” until subsequent radar updates confirm their validity.

Answer 19

Track Initiation

Question 20

Monitoring existing tracks to ensure they receive regular updates; tracks not updated within specified intervals may be terminated if the target is presumed to be absent.

Answer 20

Track Maintenance

Question 21

_______ is a computationally intensive activity, which typically has several steps:

Answer 21

Tracking