Italy up to 1922 Flashcards
Why would Fascism appeal to a nationalist student?
They share the same views in the generation and wanted to be the people that restored Italy.
Why would Fascism appeal to a war veteran?
They were angered by the mutilated victory which the Fascists promised to sort out.
They believed in strong military and national pride.
Why did Fascism appeal to businessmen?
Reduced the threat of communism and corporate state.
How did Fascism appeal to a landowner?
It reduced the threat of communism. Anti urban Fascism believed in farming driving Italy forwards.
Why would Fascism appeal to a peasant?
Idealisation of peasant values.
More jobs available because of industrialism and agricultural investment.
Why would Fascism appeal to a catholic?
Protection from communism.
Ideas of traditional roles.
What is Fascism?
An ideology.
Against feminism, a democratic society, religions, individuality and socialism.
Believe in one strong leader, traditional gender roles.
Where was this Fascism on the political spectrum?
They began on the left and transitioned to the right.
When did Mussolini set up a fascio di conbattimento and what was it?
1919
Combat group made up of ex soldiers.
What was the name of Mussolini’s paper and how did it attract people to the movement?
Il Popolo d’Italia
Pushed forward the movement.
What problems remained after the unification of Italy?
The Pope was originally the owner of the Papal States but this land was taken away from him. So he didn’t agree with new Italy and neither did supporters of the Church.
Difference between industrial north and agricultural south. Would have wanted different things.
Conservatives and nationalists had conflicting views.
Who were the Liberals who ran Italy 1870-1922?
Middle/upper class men
Believed in unification and were very active in this cause
Wanted citizens of Italy to become more respectful of political and social order
Not one single party
Wanted to make Italy a great power
Positive aspects of liberal Italy
Evolving into a strong nation
National military service and free primary education made Italy feel more united as a nation
Rise in national income
Improved roads, railways and supply of drinking water
Joined triple alliance with Germany and Austria-Hungary
Socialist criticisms of liberal Italy
Seen as capitalist exploitation of working classes
Poverty still widespread
Nationalist criticisms of liberal Italy
Blamed military defeat in Ethiopia on Liberals
Vast emigration seen as disgrace
Worsened struggle between classes
Only concerned about own selfish aims
