Italy (Fascism)

Question 1

CONTEXT OF ITALY

Answer 1

Fascism was invented by Mussolini first in Italy; WWI&raquo_space; resentful and unemployed veterans, patriots who believed that Italy didn’t gain enough land from the Paris Peace Conference; trade and labor unions, peasant movements, and communist and socialist parties threatened social order

Question 2

MAIN CAUSES FOR THE RISE OF FACSISM

Answer 2

1. Disappointment regarding WWI promises and Treaty of Versailles (did not get land that was promised at the Secret Treaty of London)
2. Great Depression (Italy was very industrialized so it affected them greatly)
3. Threat of Communism (many Italians looking towards Marxism and Russia after Capitalism’s fail)

Question 3

MUSSOLINI AND THE BLACK SHIRTS

Answer 3

Mussolini led a private army of jobless veterans and disillusioned men to power in 1922 (legally appointed by Emmanuel); promised an alternative to communism and an end to political conflicts; his Black Shirts suspended democracy and killed, imprisoned, deported his opponents and labor unions

used a Roman fasces as their symbol (a bunch of rods with an ax)

Question 4

MARCH ON ROME

Answer 4

during the 1922 election, Mussolini ordered the Black Shirts to go to Rome and cause havoc and chaos

Question 5

ECONOMIC STATUS

Answer 5

formed a “Corporative” state with all aspects of the economy split up into corporations (headed up by the state and ultimately Mussolini)

Question 6

RELIGION

Answer 6

embraced Catholicism in a series of agreements with the church (Lateran Accords 1929)&raquo_space; sovereignty of the Vatican, Catholicism became the national religion of Italy

Question 7

ROLE OF WOMEN

Answer 7

their role was domestic and tradition: to create new citizens for the Fascist party