Italy Booklet 4: Consolidating the Kingdom of Italy 1861-70 Flashcards

1
Q

What was obstacle number one to a fully unified Italy?

A

The French and Austrians

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2
Q

What year was the September Convention?

A

1864

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3
Q

What did the September Convention do?

A

It meant that Napoleon agreed to evacuate Rome in return for the switch of the Italian capital from Turin to Florence.

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4
Q

How many people died in riots as a result of Minghetti agreeing to the September Convention?

A

23 people died

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5
Q

What did Cavour try to do to weaken Austria’s power?

A

Tried to encourage Hungarian revolutionary leaders to start uprisings - came to nothing

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6
Q

What was the second obstacle to Italian unity?

A

The death of Cavour and political weakness

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7
Q

When did Cavour die?

A

June 1861

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8
Q

How many prime ministers were there in how many years leading Italy?

A

10 PMs in 10 years

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9
Q

Which PM tried to stab the King?

A

Farini

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10
Q

What % of people could vote?

A

2% of the population. (only rich men could vote)

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11
Q

How many members of parliament were elected by how many voters?

A

443 members elected by 150,000 voters

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12
Q

When was a single legal criminal code put in place for the whole of Italy?

A

1865

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13
Q

What was formed that shows Italian unity?

A

A unified navy and army

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14
Q

What came under state control to create a unified system?

A

schools and universities

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15
Q

What was a third obstacle to Italian unity?

A

The Papacy

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16
Q

What fraction of land had the pope lost to the new kingdom?

A

2/3

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17
Q

What was the period of hatred between the Church and State known as?

A

Fractious Cohabitation

18
Q

When was the Syllabus of Errors created?

A

1870

19
Q

What did the Syllabus of Errors say?

A

-The Church would keep control of education
-Reasserted its temporal power
-dismissed other religions and modernisation

20
Q

What was the Dogma of Papal Infallibility?

A

Stated that the pope would always be right and should never be challenged. All the pope’s decisions were indisputable

21
Q

When did the Vatican council meet and agree to the Dogma of Papal Infallibility?

A

1869

22
Q

Who replaced Cavour when he died?

A

Ricasoli

23
Q

Why did the Great powers support Austrian control of Venetia?

A

so the powers in Europe were balanced

24
Q

What was the name of the law passes by the government to try and appease the pope?

A

The Law of Guarantees

25
Q

How did Italy pay for the 1866 war?

A

selling church land

26
Q

Who led the Italian army when they took Rome in 1870?

A

General Cadorna

27
Q

How many soldiers died during the taking of Rome?

A

49

28
Q

What organisation was set up in 1861 to campaign for Venetia?

A

Italian Freedom Association

29
Q

What was the name of Garibaldi’s supporter arrested on the boarder of Austria?

A

Nullo

30
Q

How did Garibaldi try to make the issue of Venetia international in 1864?

A

he visited London to spread awareness

31
Q

What was agreed at the meeting between Bismarck and Govone in Berlin?

A

Italy was t get Venetia for the contributions in the war

32
Q

When did Garibaldi first try and take Rome and where was he injured?

A

-1862
-shot in the foot

33
Q

What % of children died before their 5th birthday in 1871?

A

50%

34
Q

What % of infants died before their 1st birthday in 1871?

A

22.7%

35
Q

In 1871 how many Italians emigrated?

A

120,000

36
Q

What is an example of a tax put in place to tax the poor?

A

the Grist Tax

37
Q

What did the Law of Guarantees give the pope?

A
  • his own postal service
    -full religious power
    -his representatives in the Vatican had full diplomatic status
    -3,225,000 lire per year as compensation for loss of land
38
Q

From 1970 there were two courts in Rome. Where were they?

A

one in the Quirinale Palace and one at the Vatican

39
Q

What is Irredentism?

A

The belief that Italy wasn’t complete

40
Q

In 1871 how many people could vote? What % of the population was that?

A

500,000 people
only 2.2% of population

41
Q

What % of people who were eligible to vote, actually did so?

A

60%

42
Q
A