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WINE FLASHCARDS (WWJ) > Italy > Flashcards

Italy Flashcards

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1
Q

List the three geographical features that have the most impact on the climate of Northern Italy:

A

The Alps providing shelter from rain. Rivers such as the Po providing moderating influence. Lakes such as Garda providing moderating influence.

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2
Q

What are the traditional and modern planting systems in Northern Italy?

A

Traditional - High yielding low density vines planted with the Pergola system

Modern - Higher density plantings with VSP

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3
Q

What is the most notable white grape variety in Alto Adige? Describe the wines made from this variety.

A

Pinot Grigio - Dry style; Light to medium body; High acid; Green fruit and citrus character

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4
Q

What are the two main varieties grown in Trentino?

A

Pinot Grigio and Chardonnay

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5
Q

Which local black grape variety in Trentino produces deeply coloured wines with medium to high tannins, high acidity and black fruit character?

A

Teroldego

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6
Q

What are the three DOCs from Friuli-Venezia Giulia listed in the text?

A

Friuli Grave DOC, Collio DOC, Colli Orientali DOC

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7
Q

Which Friuli-Venezia Giulia DOC, located in the hillier part of this region, produces concentrated white wines and is also noted for its reds?

A

Colli Orientali DOC

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8
Q

What are the most widely planted white and black grape varieties in Friuli-Venezia Giulia?

A

White - PInot Grigio
red - Merlot

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9
Q

What is the main white grape variety in Soave DOC wines?

A

Garganega

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10
Q

What is the main grape in Valpolicella?

A

Corvina

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11
Q

What is the passito method?

A
  1. Grapes are picked early when still high in acidity
  2. They are dried indoors to concentrate sugars and flavours
  3. The resulting wines are full-bodied and high in alcohol.
  4. Amarone della Valpolicella wines are dry or off dry
  5. Recioto della Valpolicella wines are sweet.
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12
Q

What is the ripasso method?

A

The ripasso method uses grape skins from fermenting Amarone della Valpolicella. Shortly before fermentation finishes, the Amarone is drained off the skins. Valpolicella wine that has finished its fermentation is added to the vat of unpressed skins. The remaining sugar on the unpressed Amarone grape skins is fermented by yeast present on those grape skins, during which time the skins give the Valpolicella wine more tannin, colour and flavour.

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13
Q

What are the 3 main red varieties of Piemonte?

A

Nebbiolo, Barbera, Dolcetto

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14
Q

What are the 2 main white grapes of Piemonte?

A

Cortese and Muscat

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15
Q

The 2 most famous regions for producing wines from Nebbiolo are…?

A

Barolo and Barbaresco

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16
Q

Describe the wines of Barolo.

A

High tannin, high acidity, little color, flavors of sour cherries, herbs and dried flowers.

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17
Q

How long must a Barolo DOCG age before release?

A

Barolo DOCG must be aged for a minimum of 38 months (with a minimum of 18 months in wood), and released from the January of the fourth year after harvest.

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18
Q

How long must Barbaresco DOCG be aged before release?

A

Barbaresco DOCG must be aged for a minimum of 26 months (with a minimum of 9 months in wood), and released from the January of the third year after harvest.

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19
Q

Name the 2 appellations in Piemonte named after the Barbera grape?

A

Barbera d’Alba and Barbera d’Asti

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20
Q

Describe the general character of Barbera wines and the 2 styles of barbera made in Piemonte?

A

Deep colour, low to medium tannins, and high acidity and flavours of red cherries, plums and black pepper

The two styles: Youthful and fruity with no oak influence; Barrel aged to give additional spicy flavours

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21
Q

Describe the character of Dolcetto wines.

A

Deep purple color; med-high tannins; med acidity; aromas of black plums, red cherries and dried herbs.

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22
Q

Which region in Piemonte is most famous for making whites from Cortese?

A

Gavi DOCG

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23
Q

Describe a Gavi DOCG wine.

A

Pale and light-bodied; high acidity; aromas and flavours of citrus, green apples, and pears. Some old oak vessels might be used for fermentation and lees stirring.

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24
Q

In 2017, what new denomination was introduced that covers Veneto, Friuli-Venezia Giulia and Trentino?

A

Pinot Grigio delle Venezie DOC

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25
Q

In Valpolicella, how can wines be labelled if made from grapes sourced from the entire region?

A

Valpolicella DOC

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26
Q

In Valpolicella, how can wines be labelled if made from grapes sourced only from the original classified area?

A

Valpolicella Classico DOC

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27
Q

How are wines labelled that are made with the ripasso method and what are their main characteristics?

A

Wines made in this method can be labelled Valpolicella Ripasso DOC and are medium to full-bodied with medium to high tannins and flavours of stewed red cherries and plums.

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28
Q

All Barolo wines tend to benefit from further bottle aging. Why?

A

This continues to soften the tannins and adds further complexity, giving the wine aromas of truffles, tar and leather.

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29
Q

How long must Chianti Classico DOCG be aged before release?

A

12 months

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30
Q

How long must Brunello Di Montalcino DOCG be aged in total prior to release?

A

Brunello di Montalcino can only be released from the winery from the January of the fifth year after harvest.

31
Q

What is the most planted grape in Abruzzo?

A

Montepulciano

32
Q

Which region in central Italy is known for its white wines made from Verdicchio?

A

Marche

33
Q

What is the name of the mountain range which dominates the landscape of Central Italy?

A

Apennine

34
Q

Which 2 grapes make up the blend in Frascati DOC?

A

Malvasia and Trebbiano

35
Q

Which Italian grape is known as Zinfandel in California?

A

Primitivo

36
Q

What flavors do you associate with Montepulciano in Abruzzo?

A

Black plums and cherries

37
Q

Tuscany can be divided roughly into 3 parts. These are:

A
  1. The mountainous Chianti region in the north
  2. The hills and valleys to the south
  3. the flat coastal plain
38
Q

What is the most dominant and most prestigious grape throughout Tuscany?

A

Sangiovese

39
Q

What characteristics develop with bottle age in wines made from Sangiovese?

A

Meaty and gamey aromas

40
Q

Where is Chianti based?

A

Chianti is in the foothills of the Apennines between the cities of Pisa, Florence and Siena.

41
Q

How many sub-zones is Chianti divided into?

A

7

42
Q

What is the dominant grape in Chianti?

A

Sangiovese

43
Q

What 2 sub-zones of Chianti are particularly well known for the quality of their wines?

A

Chianti Rufina DOCG and Chianti Colli Senesi DOCG

44
Q

How long must Chianti Classico Riserva DOCG wines be aged before release?

A

24 months, with at least 3 months in bottle

45
Q

What is the highest designation for Chianti Classico wines?

A

Gran Selezione

46
Q

To be eligible for gran Selezione, what criteria must be met?

A

The grapes must be sourced from a single estate and the wines aged for 6 months longer than Riserva wines.

47
Q

How is oak utilized in the production of Chianti Classico wines?

A

There are no stipulations concerning oak ageing, and it is therefore the producer’s decision how the wine is matured, and for how long. In practice, however, the vast majority of wines are matured in oak.

48
Q

How do the vineyards of southern Tuscany compare to those in the north?

A

The vineyards of southern Tuscany are at lower altitudes than those in the north and have a warmer climate; however, cool maritime breezes from the south-west can moderate the temperatures.

49
Q

What are considered to be the best known appellations in Southern Tuscany?

A

Brunello di Montalcino DOCG and Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG

50
Q

How do the wines of Southern Tuscany compare to those from Chianti?

A

Due to climate, wines from Southern Tuscany are often more intense and fuller-bodied than the wines from Chianti.

51
Q

What do the wine producing regulations of Vino Nobile di Montepulciano stipulate?

A

Vino Nobile di Montepulciano can be a blend of Sangiovese with other permitted varieties and must be aged for a minimum of two years before it is sold.

52
Q

If a producer of a Brunello di Montalcino wanted to declassify their wine to DOC, what would it be called?

A

Rosso di Montalcino DOC

53
Q

If a producer of a Vino Nobile di Montepulciano wanted to declassify their wine to DOC, what would it be called?

A

Rosso di Montepulciano DOC

54
Q

Why might a producer of a Brunello di Montalcino or Vino Nobile di Montepulciano want to declassify their wines to DOC?

A

If there is a poor vintage or the vines are very young.

55
Q

How is the relatively flat coastal region of Tuscany cooled?

A

By sea breezes rather than altitude

56
Q

What area of Tuscany ‘gave birth’ to the first ‘Super-Tuscan’?

A

The Tuscan coast

57
Q

What two recently-formed appellations in Tuscany are known for both permitting wines to be made entirely from non-Italian varieties including Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Syrah?

A

Bolgheri DOC and Maremma Toscana DOC

58
Q

What wine is the region of Umbria most known for?

A

Orvieto DOC - a white wine which is a blend of Grechetto, Trebbiano and, often, a few other local grapes.

59
Q

What are common characteristics of Orvieto DOC wine?

A

These white wines are light in body with medium to high acidity and flavours of ripe grapefruit and peaches. The best examples tend to be those with the most Grechetto in the blend. Wines are made protectively and undergo cool fermentation in stainless steel.

60
Q

What is Umbria’s most prestigious red wine?

A

Sagrantino di Montefalco DOCG

61
Q

What is the best known wine in the region of Lazio?

A

Frascati DOC

62
Q

How are the vineyards of Frascati DOC cooled?

A

Situated in the hills to the south of Rome the vineyards are cooled by both altitude and a number of small nearby lakes offering perfect conditions for white grapes.

63
Q

Describe the characteristics of wine from Frascati DOC?

A

The wines are blends of Malvasia and Trebbiano, usually made in a fresh, unoaked style. They are medium in body with medium to high acidity and flavours of citrus fruit, sometimes with the Malvasia providing floral, orange blossom aromas.

64
Q

What is the dominate grape of Sicily?

A

Nero d’Avola

65
Q

Which southern Italian wine region is home to most DOCGs?

A

Campania

66
Q

What is considered to be the most prestigious black grape in Southern Italy?

A

Aglianico

67
Q

Taurasi DOCG crafts wine from which varietal?

A

Aglianico

68
Q

In which region do you find the DOC of Aglianico del Vulture?

A

Basilicata

69
Q

Which 2 grapes do you associate with quality white wines in Campania?

A

Greco and Fiano

70
Q

Which grape do you associate with Salice Salentino?

A

Negroamaro

71
Q

When yields are controlled, what characteristics would you expect from a Negroamaro wine?

A

Full-bodied, med acid, med tannin, high alcohol, baked red and black fruit.

72
Q

What aromas would you expect to find in a wine produced in the Greco di Tufo DOCG?

A

Green apple, stone fruit and passionfruit

73
Q

Which 2 international grapes are common in Sicily?

A

Chardonnay and Syrah

74
Q

Nerello Mascalese and Nerello Cappuccio are commonly blended in which Sicilian region?

A

Etna DOC

WINE FLASHCARDS (WWJ) (9 decks)

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