Italy Flashcards
When was Mussolini appointed as prime minister?
October 1922
When did parliament give Mussolini the right to rule by decree and supposedly how long for?
November 1922 and initially for 12 months but it ended up being a lot longer
When was the Grand Council of Fascism created?
December 1922
When was the fascist squads converted to a national militia?
January 1923
How many Italians died in WW1?
650,000
Why was WW1 called a mutilated victory?
Italy failed to gain Dalmatia and Fiume, along with no colonies in Africa, Middle East and Dalmatia
What economic problems did Italy face after WW1?
- Rising unemployment from 1920 as 2.5m soldiers demobilised
- Industry hit by a post-war recession (1920-21)
- National debt in 1918 was 85 billion lire compared to 16 billion in 1914
What was the general social situation after WW1 like?
Quite bad. People felt humiliated both by the mutilated victory and lost battles in the war, like Caporetto. Disillusionment, and hostility towards war profiteers. There was a flu epidemic which nearly killed as many as in the war.
When was the Battle of Caporetto?
October 1917
When was the Battle of Vittorio Veneto?
October 1918
How many Italian’s wounded in WW1?
100,000
When did Italy join WW1?
In May 1915. A year after the powers went to war.
When did Italy join WW1?
In May 1915. A year after the powers went to war.
When did Mussolini declare himself dictator of Italy?
1925
How was Italy doing in 1896? Why? (vowels)
Badly.
- Most of the population were involved in AGRICULTURE and there were huge regional variations.
- Italy was poor and ECONOMICALLY BACKWARDS compared to other economic powers
- INDUSTRY was backwards compared to other countries, and mostly found in the north of Italy
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- There was a lack of UNITY between the North and South
What were the problems of Liberal Italy?
- Lack of Italian identity
- Economic Weaknesses
- Weaknesses of Liberal political system
- Hostility of Catholic church
What would the pope not allow people to do in liberal italy?
Vote
What are the positive views of Liberal Italy before WW1?
- Free primary education and National military service helped to create a sense of Italian nationhood
- There was rapid economic progress (National income rose from 61 billion lire in 1895 to 92 bil in 1915)
- Taxes had been reduced
- Italy joined the triple alliance with Gemany and Austria-Hungry
When did the Fascist squad violence begin?
November 1920
What were the Lateran Agreements?
In 1929, a treaty and a deal, know as a concordat which officially ended the dispute between Church and State in Italy. It established Catholicism as the religion of Italy, meaning that state payed salaries for clergy, religious education was made compulsory in schools, the pope could appoint all bishops.
