Iszard-Pharm of CNS Stimulants Flashcards
- Amphetamine (d,l)
- Dextroamphetamine (Methamphetamine)
- Lisdexamfetamine (pro-drug
- Methylphenidate (d,l) & Dexmethylphenidate
Are what type of ADHD meds?
Stimulants- amphetamine derivatives
Atomoxetine, Guanfacine, and Clonidine are what type of ADHD meds?
Non-stimulants
What drugs
- Block presynaptic reuptake of neurotransmitters
- interference with vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT)
- increase in neurotransmitter release (NE, then DA, then 5-HT each at increasing doses)
Stimulants - enhance neurotransmitter transmission by serving as direct and indirect non-catecholamine sympathomimetics
Do D-isomers or L- isomers of AMP/MPH have more CNS activity ?
D-isomers of AMP/MPH more CNS activity than mixed or L- isomers,
What is the main activity of methylphenidate?
- inhibition of DA reuptake
- inhibition of neurotransmitter pre-synaptic uptake
- does not stimulate the release of neurotransmitters
Immediate release Dextroamphetamine /AMP/Adderall is in what form?
Tablet- 4-6 hr duration
-Is an amphetamine based stimulant
Immediate release Dextroamphetamine Sulfate/ ProCentra is in what form?
*liquid ** 0 4-6 hr duration
-Is an amphetamine based stimulant
Immediate release Amphetamine Sulfate/Eveokeo is in what form?
Capsule- 4-6 hours
-Is an amphetamine based stimulant
Immediate release Dextroamphetamine/Zenzidi is in what form?
tablet- 4-5 hr duration
-Is an amphetamine based stimulant
Immediate release dextros are tables, just amphetamine is capsule
Extended release Detroamphetamine/adderall XR is in what form?
Capsule - 8-12 hr duration
-Is an amphetamine based stimulant
** all extended release amphetamine based stimulants are capsule EXCEPT Amphetamine Dyanavel XR liquid
Extended release dextroamphetamine/Dexedrine is in what form?
capsule- 8-10 hr duration
-Is an amphetamine based stimulant
all extended release amphetamine based stimulants are capsule EXCEPT Amphetamine Dyanavel XR liquid
Extended release Amphetamine/ Dyanavel is in what form?
Liquid- 13 hours
-Is an amphetamine based stimulant
Extended release Lisdexamfetamine/Vyavanse is in what form?
Capsule 10-12 hr duration
Extended release
-Is an amphetamine based stimulant
Extended release Amphetamine (mixed salts)/Mydayis is in what form?
Capsule- 16 hours
Is an amphetamine based stimulant
Immediate release Dexmethylphenidate (Focalin) is in what form? What type of drug is this?
Tablet - 4-6 hr
methlyphenidate based stimulant
Immediate release methylphenidate/Methylin is in what form? What type of drug is this?
Liquid- 3-4 hrs
methlyphenidate based stimulant
Immediate release Methylphenidate/ritalin is in what form? What type of drug is this?
Tablet - 3-4 hours
-methlyphenidate based stimulant
IR are all tab except Methylin which is oral
Sustained release methylphenidate/ritalin-SR is in what form? What type of drug is this?
tablet- 4-8 hrs
-methlyphenidate based stimulant
Sustained release Methamphetamine/Desoxyn is in what form? What type of drug is this?
Tablet- 4-8 hours
- amphetamine based stimulant
Methylphenidate/Aptensio XR® is an extended release drug in what form? Type?
- capsule- 12 hr duration
- methylphenidate based substance
Methylphenidate HCl/Concerta® is an extended release drug in what form? Type?
tablet- 10-12 hr duration
– methylphenidate based stimulant
Methylphenidate ER/ Comtempla® XR- ODT is an extended release drug in what form? Type?
Tablet- 12 hr duration
– methylphenidate based stimulant
Methylphenidate Transdermal/ Daytrana®is an extended release drug in what form? Type?
Transdermal patch; 10-12 hr duration
- – methylphenidate based stimulant
Dexmethylphenidate HCl/ Focalin XR® is an extended release drug in what form? Type?
Capsule; 6-10 hr
-methylphenidate based stimulant
Methylphenidate HCl/ Metadate CD® is an extended release drug in what form? Type?
capsule- 8-10 hr release
–methylphenidate based stimulant
Methylphenidate HCL ER/ Ritalin LA® is an extended release drug in what form? Type?
- Capsule - 8-10 hr release
- –methylphenidate based stimulant
Methylphenidate HCl/ QuilliChew® is an extended release drug in what form? Type?
- Chewable tablet
- 8 hr duration
- methylphenidate based stimulant
-Methylphenidate/ Quillivant XR®
Liquid
-methylphenidate based stimulant
What is the main effect of non- stimulant ADHD meds?
Enhances neurotransmitter transmission through:
- Inhibition of pre-synaptic uptake (atomoxetine)
- Agonist of CNS alpha 2A adrenergic receptors (guanfacine/clonidine)
How do non-stimulant ADHD meds act as agonists of the CNS alpha 2A receptors (ie. guanfacine and clonidine)?
- modulates noradrenergic tone in Prefrontal cortex enhanced by noradrenergic input from the locus coertuleus
- direct postsynaptic stimulation of alpha 2A receptors located on the dendritic spines of cortical pyramidal cells–> directly promote functional connectivity of prefrontal cortex
What is atomoxetine/Strattera?
An extended release non stimulant ADHD medication in capsule form
- metabloliesd by CYP2d6
- can cause ocular irritation id capsule are opened
How is Clonidine/Kapvay used in ADHD tx?
- antihypertensive a2 agonist
- tablet form
- 12-24 hr duration
How is Guanfacine/Intuniv used in ADHD Tx?
antihypertensive a2 agonist
- tablet form
- 12-24 hr duration
- Do not crush, chew, or break tablets
- Approved for ages 6 years and older
- Downward dose titration over 1+ weeks (depending on dose) recommended upon discontinuation to reduce risk of rebound HTN
Are warnings for what drugs?
Non stimulants Guanfacine and Clonidine
