Issues and Debates🌿 Flashcards
Define Alpha Bias
Gender differences are exaggerated
Define beta bias
When gender differences are minimised
Why is gender bias bad?
- misleading experiments
-increases sex discrimination
-increases gender stereotypes (like woman being weak)
What is Androcentrism?
‘Andrew is Normal’
When normal behaviour is judged on the basis of the male standard.
Why is Androcentrism gender bias?
It assumes that female behaviour is abnormal
Who conducted research in 1994, that proves alpha bias
Wilson
What did Wilson 1994 find?
95% of bank managers, company directors, judges and uni professors were men because they were more competitive and dominant
Assumed that their dominance is determined by male hormones
What are the limitations of Wilson’s research into alpha bias?
• Undervalues women in the workplace
•Gender discrimination -> more jobs were offered to men
•hormones assume that men are more ‘determined’ in their jobs than women are
What study is an example of beta bias?
Milgram’s obedience (only conducted on men)
How can a psychologist reduce beta bias?
Involve males and females
Don’t extrapolate findings to both genders
What study is an example of ethnocentrism?
Ainsworth’s Strange Situation
What is cultural relativism?
The idea that ethics and moral values can only be meaningful within specific cultural contexts.
What acronym did Henrich Et Al 2010 come up with?
W.E.I.R.D
What does WEIRD stand for?
Westernised, educated people from industrialised, rich democracies
What did Henrich do and find?
He reviewed hundreds of psychological articles
96% were from industrialised nations
68% of ppts were from the USA
