israel Flashcards

1
Q

Who built the First Temple?

A

King Solomon

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2
Q

Around what year was the First Temple built?

A

957 BCE

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3
Q

How long did the First Temple stand?

A

About 370 years

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4
Q

Who conquered Jerusalem and destroyed the First Temple?

A

the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar II conquered Jerusalem and destroyed the First Temple

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5
Q

In what year was the First Temple destroyed?

A

586 BCE

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6
Q

On which day of the Hebrew month was the First Temple destroyed?

A

9th day of Av

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7
Q

What significance does the 9th of Av have in Judaism?

A

It became a day of mourning

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8
Q

What significant event occurred in 70 CE during the First Jewish-Roman War?

A

The Roman army led by Titus besieged and conquered Jerusalem

This event marked a pivotal moment in Jewish history and led to significant changes in the region.

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9
Q

Who led the Roman army that conquered Jerusalem in 70 CE?

A

Titus

Titus was a Roman general and later became Emperor.

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10
Q

What was destroyed during the siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE?

A

The Second Temple

The destruction of the Second Temple is a central event in Jewish history, commemorated on Tisha B’Av.

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11
Q

On what date was the Second Temple destroyed?

A

The 9th of Av

This date is observed as a day of mourning in Jewish tradition.

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12
Q

What is the Western Wall?

A

A remnant of the Second Temple complex and the holiest prayer site in Judaism.

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13
Q

What do many Jews hope for regarding the Temple?

A

The rebuilding of the Temple in the future.

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14
Q

When did Pompey conquer Jerusalem?

A

63 BCE

This event marked the initial Roman involvement in the region.

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15
Q

What was Judea’s status after Pompey’s conquest?

A

Client kingdom of Rome

Herod the Great was declared ‘King of the Jews’ around 40 BCE.

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16
Q

In what year did Judea become an official Roman province?

A

6 CE

This transition occurred during the reign of Emperor Augustus.

17
Q

What were the Jewish-Roman wars?

A

Several conflicts between 66 and 135 CE

These wars were responses by Rome to Jewish rebellions.

18
Q

What title was given to Herod the Great by the Roman Senate?

A

‘King of the Jews’

This title was conferred around 40 BCE.

19
Q

Fill in the blank: Judea transitioned from a client kingdom to a _______ in 6 CE.

A

Roman province

20
Q

True or False: The Jewish-Roman wars were conquests by Rome.

A

False

They were responses to Jewish rebellions, not conquests.

21
Q

What is the significance of the Temple Mount?

A

It is considered the foundation-stone of the whole universe.

22
Q

Who brought Isaac to be sacrificed on the Temple Mount?

A

Abraham

23
Q

Who is believed to be buried on the Temple Mount?

A

Adam

24
Q

What does the Temple Mount symbolize regarding the creation of the world?

A

The world itself was moulded from its dust and originally founded there.

25
Q

What is today known as the Church of the Holy Sepulchre was rebuilt in the eleventh century after the original was destroyed by a messianic Egyptian Caliph, and it now contains the rock of Golgotha as well as the tomb of Christ. Whether either of these sites is authentically what Christian tradition has for so long presumed them to be is much debated. Ironically, the probability is that Helena’s excavations, and her son’s subsequent building works, served to obliterate memories that had been preserved by local Christians of the original sites.

A

Remember the. Helena was the wife of Augustus of Rome.