ISOQUINOLINES

Question 1

ALKALOIDS FROM BENZYLISOQUINOLINES

Answer 1

Morphinan
Aporphine
Bis- Benzyl IQ
Phthalide-THIQ

Question 2

MAIN ALKALOIDS OF OPIUM

Answer 2

Moprhine
Codeine
Thebaine
Noscapine
Papaverine 

The alkalods are largely combined insalt form with meconic acid. Opium contains between 3-5% of this organic acid.
It is easily detected
either in the free-state
or as meconate by the
formation of a deep redcolour by the addition
of ferric chloride. As it
is invariably found in
opium, its presence is
used as a rapid and
reasonably specific test
for opium

Question 3

PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE OPIUM ALKALOIDS

Answer 3

Of the main opium alkaloids, morphine displays acidic properties, as
well as the basic properties due to the tertiary amine. Morphine has a
phenanthrene nucleus, and both a phenolic and an alcoholic hydroxyl
group, being acidic due to its phenolic hydroxyl. This acidity can be
exploited for the preferential extraction of these alkaloids (principally
morphine) from an organic solvent by partitioning with alkaline
solution.
Morphine, codeine and thebaine are strong bases, whereas noscapine
and papaverine are weak bases.

Question 4

PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MORPHINE AND CODEINE

Answer 4

MORPHINE
HO- Forms salts with strong bases
NCH3; basic nitrogen: forms soluble salts in acidic water
HO: Hydroxyl group without acidic character
Insoluble in diethyl ether
CODEINE
H3CO - Does not formsalts with strong bases
NCH3; basic nitrogen: forms soluble salts in acidic water
HO: Hydroxyl group without acidic character