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106 > isolation precautions > Flashcards

isolation precautions Flashcards

0
Q

What is a microorganism?

A

microscopic

bacteria parasites

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1
Q

What are the principles of isolation precautions?

A

protect all inculding pt

containment of pathogen

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2
Q

What is a pathogen and what is an example?

A

disease prpoducing

measles

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3
Q

What is an infection?

A

invasion of tissues by pathogen

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4
Q

nosoconomial?

A

hospital acquired

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5
Q

What does virulence mean?

A

ability of pathogen strength/ability to produce disease, high/med/low

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6
Q

What is colonization?

A

organism that is present but doesnt invade dissues

Example, flora of colon

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7
Q

What is epidemiology?

A

study of distrubution andf determinants of health related states or disease events

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8
Q

ARO?

A

antibiotic resistant organism

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9
Q

MDRO

A

multiple drug resistant organism

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10
Q

MRSA

A

methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus

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11
Q

VRE

A

Vancomycin resistant enterococci

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12
Q

CDAD

A

Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea

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13
Q

HAI

A

Hospital aquired infection

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14
Q

CAUTI

A

catheter associated UTI

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15
Q

AGMP

A

Aerosol generating med procedure

16
Q

What is the chain of infection?

A 
infecticous agent
Reservoir
portal of exit
mode of transmission
portal of entry 
host
17
Q

What is contact MOD?

A

direct contact/indirect
droplet
transfer by phy touch

18
Q

Direct Contact?

A

ohysical skin to skin

19
Q

Indirect contact?

A

contact with a contaminated intermeddiate object

20
Q

Example of direct contact MOD?

A

MRSA VRE clostridium difficile

21
Q

Examples of indirect contact pathogens?

A

MRSA VRE

22
Q

Examples of MO droplet MOD?

A

influenza, SARS

23
Q

What is droplet Transmission?

A

large particles from respiratory system, propelled up to one meter

24
Q

What is Airborne Transmission?

A

small airborne particles 5> microbes that can be in air for 1m+
suseptible host inhales

25
Q

Example of MO that is airborne?

A

Mycobacterium TB, varocella zoster, measles

26
Q

Veichle Transmissions?

A

single contaminated source transmits to multiple host

results in outbreak
water,drugs,food

27
Q

What is an example of MO that uses veichle transmission?

A

salmonella

28
Q

What is vectorborne transmission?

A

insects flees

West Nile virus, Lyme disease

29
Q

What does Standard Precautions include?

A

hand hygiene
PPE
Safe handling of sharps and biohazardous waste

30
Q

When would you wear a N95 repirator?

A

Airborne precuations

31
Q

Airborne Precautions?

TB, measles, versela, chicken pox

A 
Single
negative pressure
doorclosed
N95 respwhich is only to be removed in hallway/anterrom
confined to room except for essential tx
wear procedural mark if exits room
32
Q

Droplet Precautions?

Mumps, diptheria, mersa, pertussis

A

door can be open
if room shared, 1 m apart
mask/glasses w/i one meter of pt
gloves and gowns as per routine practices
pt out only for essential practices, wearing mask

33
Q

Contact Precautions?

A 
Single Room preferred
open door?
gloves
gown if clothing may have direct contact with contaminated objects
remove gloves and gowns before exiting
dedicated equippment or disinfected
pt can leave room just preform hand hygiene first
procedural mask
eyewear yes
gown? if within 1m
34
Q

Droplet/contact?

A

contact precautions

and should wear mask/eyewear w/i one metter of coughing pt

35
Q

Enhanced Precautions?

H1N1

A 
single room unless same organism then 1m apart
neg pressure if available
For AGMP door closed and N95&eyewear
Gloves and gown when in contact
procedural mark/protective eyewear w/i 2 m
dedicated equippment
limit transport 
restrict visitors
36
Q

Strict Precautions?

undiagnosed. SARS, foreign trip, H5N1(aveian)

A 
staff selff monitoring
single room
neg air pressure
n95 resp, googles, gloves, gown
limit AGMP procedures which would require googles and full face shield
restrict visitors
37
Q

Cytotoxic Precautions?

A

High, med, low
follow hazzardous drug handing precautions
single/double nitrile gloves, eye and facial protection, gown
pt wastes and laundry may need cytotoxic container
hazardous drugs spills kits
can cause celllular harm to body

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