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106 > Bowel Sounds > Flashcards

Bowel Sounds Flashcards

0
Q

Epigastric?

A

Upper middle region of abdomen

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1
Q

Peristalsis?

A

wave of contractions forcing contents through DS

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2
Q

Suprapubic?

A

above symphysis pubis

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3
Q

umbilical?

A

navel

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4
Q

Tenesmus?

A

feeling you need to pass stool although already empty

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5
Q

Borborygmi?

A

bowel rumbling

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6
Q

Flatulence?

A

gas

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7
Q

Hemorrhoids?

A

ssswollen, inflammed veins around rectum/ anus

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8
Q

Meconium?

A

dark green first stool bb passes

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9
Q

Occult blood?

A

blood in feces that is not visible

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10
Q

Paralytic ileus?

A

Late stage bowel obstruction causes constipation/bloating

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11
Q

Valsalva maneuver?

A

attempt to exhale with windpipe closed

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12
Q

Cathartics?

A

substance that accelerates defecation

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13
Q

enema?hypertonic - fluid out of interstitial space
isotonic
cleansing
hypotonic

A

hypo- evacuates bowels before lots of fluid absorbed

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14
Q

Fecal impaction

A

solid and immobile bulk

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15
Q

Laxative?

A

Oral to facilitate or increase bowel movements

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16
Q

Suppository?

A

inserted into rectum that melts at body temp

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17
Q

What to inspect on abdominal assessment?

A 
xiphoid process-> pubic symphysis
sym
distension
skin
umbilicus
color
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18
Q

How to osculate abdomen?

A

Warm, privacy warmth, quiet, clockwise, Sound in all quadrants

sounds audible/absent

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19
Q

What to do if can’t hear sound in quadrant of abdomen?

A

wait 1 more min and if still can’t here come back to it last and do it for five mins

20
Q

What is order of assessment in abdomen?

A

inspection
ascultation
Palpation
Percussion

21
Q

How to palpate abdomen, what are you looking for?

A

1-2xm depress with relaxed stom

masses/tenderness

22
Q

what is percussion used for in abdomen?

A

fluid, gases, lesions detection

23
Q

What are infants bowels like?

A

passage of meconium, short rectum, no control if full

24
Q

Toddlers bowels?

A

short rectum, no control over full bowel

25
Q

School age/adolescent and bowels?

A

Regular patterns

26
Q

Pregnancy and bowels?

A

hormones cause slow bowels, constipation, bb puts pressure on rectum, at risk for hemmorrhoids make them not want to go, decreased sensation

27
Q

Older Adult and bowels?

A 
long rectal length
peristalsis slows down leading to constipation, more fluid extracted from feces
loss of sphincter control
weakened muscles decrease nerve impulses
decreased absorption of intestines
28
Q

Factors that determine Bowel functions?

A 
Diet
Fluid intake
personal habits
activity/exercise
pain
analgesics/surgery - sleeping bopwels
emotions - stress increases perstatlsis
illness
29
Q

What does it mean if pt passes gas?

A

Bowels are working

30
Q

What to assess about bowel elimination?

A 
usual frequency, amount, consistency changes
gas
Last BM
Diet
Lifestyle=stress/exercise
general health
past/recent bowel problems 
past and recent ise of meds/bowel meds
31
Q

What is constipation?

A

Symptom
infrequent BM
hard/difficult to pass
straining can be a hazard for passing out - valsalva manoeuvre
–> exhale through mouth during strainin to avoid VM

32
Q

Causees of constipation?

A 
ireg bowel pattern/ignoring urge
chronic illness 
diet
situational stress
heavy laxative use
meds 
^age
33
Q

1rst things to do to manage constipation?

A

increase fluid intake

increase fiber and activity

34
Q

2nd thing to do for constipation management?

A

laxatives/ bowel protocol

35
Q

What is the bowel protocol?

A

phys orders, decision making tool

36
Q

What are tyoes of Oral Laxatives?

A

stool softener
stimulant laxative
osmotic
saline

37
Q

What is a type of stool softener?

What does it do?

A

docusate
water from outside o intstine into colon
gentle

38
Q

What is a stimulant laxative?

What does it do?

A

Sennoides
bring h20 into bowel, stimulates peristalsis
cramping?

39
Q

What is an osmotic lacative?

What does it do?

A

Lactulose

bring liquid into colon to help evacuate

40
Q

What is a type of saline?

What does it do?

A

Magnesium Hydroxide

softening stool and stims peristalsis

41
Q

What are types of suppositories?

A

Glycerin - mostly babies - longer and skinner

stimulant - bisacodyl

42
Q

Types of enemas?

A

Microlax - 5ml
phosphate enema - 1 cup liquid
cleansing - bowel prep before procedure
Medicated

43
Q

What is fecal impation?

A

unrelieved constipation
Hardened feces unable to be expelled
oozing liquid stool may be indication
Symptoms: aneroxia, vomit, distension, cramping, rectal pain

resolved with digital disimpaction

44
Q

What is diarrhea?

A

^ number of stools
liquid, unformed
results in liquid/electrolyte imbalance causing skin breakdown

45
Q

What are causes of diarrhea?

A

antibiotics, food allergies, diseases, dx testing, contaminated foods

46
Q

What are treatments for diarrhea?

A

diet supplements/meds

47
Q

Documentation of Bowels?

A

sign for meds and doc BM on protocol MAR
Kardex/ shift report
team bowel board
focus/progress notes prn

106 (7 decks)

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