Isolation Flashcards
isolation
the intentional separation and restriction of ill persons with a confirmed contagious, transmittable infection/disease
what are the basic principles of patient care in isolation
understand disease transmission, which barriers to use, hand hygiene, disposal of PPE and supplies, keeping people protected during transport
PPE
gowns, masks, gloves, eye protection
how is PPE chosen?
based on method of transmission
what patients are on tier 1: standard precautions?
all patients in all healthcare settings
wash hands and wear gloves when appropriate
what patients are on tier 2: expanded precautions?
patients who are or are suspected of being colonized with a contagious, transmissible pathogen
when patient is on isolation, known or suspicion of highly transmissible pathogen
what is the purpose of standard precautions?
to protect HCWs and patients from contact with infectious agents in recognized and unrecognized sources of infection - blood, body fluids, non-intact skin, mucous membranes
what are the parts of tier 2: expanded precautions?
orders, isolation cart, single use equipment, door signage, patient and visitor restrictions, notification of receiving unit
direct contact
person to person
indirect contact
person to contaminated object to person
what do you need for contact precautions?
hand hygiene, gown and gloves
dispose gown and gloves inside room
hand hygiene after take off gown and gloves
contact precautions transport
assist patient to chair or gurney, clean linens over patient, disinfect wheelchair where you touched, remove gown and gloves, clean hands, transport patient
what do you need for special contact precautions?
gown and gloves and soap and water
wash with soap and water inside room after take off gown and gloves
wash with soap and water between changing gloves
why do special contact precautions?
for patients with C diff or suspicion of C diff
special contact precautions transport
assist patient to wheelchair, clean linens over patient, use bleach wipes on wheelchair where you touched, remove gown and gloves, clean your hands with soap and water, transport patient
droplet precautions are used for
bacteria that is larger than 5 microns - flu, pertussis, bacterial meningitis
what do you need for droplet precautions?
hand hygiene, mask, gown, gloves
can change mask when leaving room if patient has productive cough
droplet precautions transport
assist patient to wheelchair, clean linens over patient, mask on patient, clean wheelchair where you touched, remove, gown, gloves, mask, clean hands, transport patient
airborne precautions are used for
bacteria that are smaller than 5 microns - smallpox, measles, chickenpox
what do you need for airborne precautions?
hand hygiene, N95 mask, gown, gloves, negative air pressure room
take gloves off in room, step into small room, close door, take N95 mask off outside pt room
airborne precautions transport
assist patient to wheelchair, clean linens over patient, surgical mask on patient, clean wheelchair where you touched, remove gown, gloves, mask, clean hands, transport patient
no aerosolized procedures
contact and droplet isolation, no negative pressure room
aerosolized procedures - breathing treatments, mechanical ventilator
airborne precautions
special respiratory precaution - no aerosol procedure
hand hygiene, N95 mask, goggles/face shield, gown and gloves
keep door closed
special respiratory precaution- no aerosol procedure transport
assist patient to wheelchair, clean linens over patient, mask on patient, clean wheelchair where you touched, remove gown, gloves, mask, clean hands, transport patient
special respiratory precaution - aerosol procedure
hand hygiene, N95 mask, shield, gown, gloves
negative pressure room
special respiratory precaution - aerosol procedure transport
assist patient to wheelchair, clean linens over patient, surgical mask on patient, clean wheelchair, remove gown, gloves, mask, clean hands, transport patient
why are protective precautions used?
for people who are immunocompromised
what are protective precautions?
screening for staff and visitors
positive pressure room
no fresh fruit, vegetables, flowers allowed on unit
physician may order PPE if they deem it necessary
patient must be masked outside of isolation room
no visitors under age 14
protective precautions transport
clean wheelchair with hydrogen-peroxide wipe, assist patient to wheelchair, clean linens over patient, mask on patient, remove and trash any PPE, wash hands, transport patient
how do you put on PPE?
gown, mask, goggles, gloves - bottom up
how do you take off PPE?
gloves, goggles, gown, mask - alphabetical order
