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islamic practices Flashcards

1
Q

what are the five pillars?

A
  • shahadah
  • salah
  • zakat
  • sawm
  • hajj
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2
Q

what is the shahadah?

A

declaration of faith

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3
Q

what is salah?

A

5 daily prayers

  • fajr: just before sunrise
  • zahr: just after midday
  • asr: late afternoon
  • maghrib: just after sunset
  • isha: between sunset and midnight
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4
Q

what is zakat?

A

charity / 2.5%

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5
Q

what is sawm?

A

fasting

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6
Q

what is hajj?

A

pilgrimage

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7
Q

what are the 10 obligatory acts?

A
  • salah
  • zakat
  • sawm
  • hajj
  • jihad
  • khums
  • amr-bil maruf
  • nahi anil munkar
  • tawallah
  • tabarra
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8
Q

what is jihad?

A

the struggle to keep belief in Allah and follow his rules

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9
Q

what is lesser jihad?

A

the struggle to defend islam against its enemies

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10
Q

what is greater jihad?

A

each muslims personal struggle to live a good life

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11
Q

what is khums?

A

20% annual tax with any profit earned by shi’a muslims - split between charities for islamic education and anyone decended from muhammad

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12
Q

what is amr-bil maruf?

A

encouraging people to do what is good

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13
Q

what is nahi anil munkar?

A

forbidding evil by discouraging people from doing what is wrong

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14
Q

what is tawallah?

A

showing love, for God and for those who follow him

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15
Q

what is tabarra?

A

disassociation, shi’a muslims are taught not to associate with God’s enemies

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16
Q

quote for this?

A

“Enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong.”

17
Q

what do they have to do to prepare for prayer?

A
  • wudu (washing hands, face, feet - with water or sand)
  • face the city of Makkah
  • niyyah, intention to pray
18
Q

sunni practices?

A
  • ONLY combine 5 daily prayers if needed
19
Q

shi’a practices?

A
  • more freedom to combine prayers - only pray 3x a day

- natural praying (clay etc)

20
Q

what is jummah?

A
  • communal prayers held on fridays just after noon at a mosque
  • develops feeling of unity amongst muslims
21
Q

do men or women have to go to Jummah?

A

men - obliged to go, unless too ill or old

women - dont have to go,, unless may choose to pray at home

22
Q

when do muslims have to fast?

A

between sunrise and sunset during ramadan

23
Q

who is not obliged to fast?

A
  • children under 12
  • old people
  • people with medical conditions
  • pregnant or menstrating women
  • people who are travelling
24
Q

what do muslims do if they miss a few days of fasting?

A

they make up for it after ramadn ends

25
Q

what, other than eating or drinking, should muslims not do in ramadan?

A
  • listen to music
  • smoke
  • alcohol
  • sex
26
Q

what is the night of power?

A

when angel jibril first appears to muhammad and began revealing the qur’an

27
Q

what is the holiest night of the year?

A

night of power

28
Q

what do muslims do on the night?

A
  • stay awake
  • study qur’an
  • praying
  • come together in mosque to celebrate
29
Q

what is it said that happens to muslims on the night?

A

Allah will forgive sins

30
Q

how much do muslims pay for zakah?

A

2.5% of wealth over time - they see wealth as a lone from allah, so they give back

31
Q

literally, what does khums mean?

A

‘a fifth’

32
Q

what is pilgrimage?

A

a compulsory event, unless unhealthy or poor, for muslims to do
only in the month of dhu’l-hijja (12th month)

33
Q

origins of hajj?

A
  • God told ibrahim to take his wife and son to arabia on a journey
  • he then left them with food and water
  • after they ran out of water, the wife ran between 2 hills
  • she prayed to god and water came from the ground
  • the source was called the ‘zamzam’ well
  • then he built the ka’aba (box)
34
Q

key events of hajj?

A
  • dressing in pieces of white cloth
  • circling ka’aba 7 times anticlocwise
  • drinking from zamzam well
  • walking between hills 7 times
  • asking allah for forgiveness at mount arafat
  • collecting pebbles
  • throwing pebbles at jamarat
  • sacrifice a sheep/goat for eid ul adha
  • visit muhammad mosque/burial site
35
Q

what is id-ul-adha?

A

commemoration of sacrifice and marks end of hajj - reminder of allahs blessings

36
Q

origin for id-ul-adha?

A
  • allah telling ibrahim to scrifice his son isma’il
  • then being told to sacrifice a ram
  • so now muslims sacrifice a sheep or goat
37
Q

whats done on id-ul-adha?

A
  • men and women attend morning prayers at mosque
  • slaughter animal
  • – 1/3 is kept
  • – 1/3 is given to relative or neighbour
  • – 1/3 is given to poor
  • wear new clothes
  • presents exchanged
38
Q

what is id-ul-fitr?

A
  • end of ramadan, day of thanksgiving
  • celebrates finishing sawm
  • zakah is held
  • exchange gifts
39
Q

what is ashura?

A
  • special day for shi’a to commemorate death of hussein
  • wear black
  • reminder of suffering

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