islamic architecture + aztec Flashcards
dome of the rock
who made it? what year was it made? why was it important? what art style was it in? where can it be found?
found in jeruslaem, isreal, made by the umayyad 691-692 CE there wer multiple renovations. stone masery and wooden roof decorated with glazed cermic tile, mosaics, filt aluminum and bronze dome. constructed during the Umayyas period, making it one of the oldest surviving examples of ISlamic architecture (incorporated elements from byzantine, persian, and roman styles) dome design: wooden core covered in ceramic tiles and adnored with gilt aluminum and bronze (represents a departure from the classical dome design, featuring a high drum and a flattened dome) domes’s exterior is covered with calligraphic inscriptions of the qur’an contribution to the overal visual richness and highlghted versus that emphasized the oneness of god and prohethood of the muhammaded (exterior and interior of dome if filled with intricate mosaics, ceramtic tiles, and elaborate calligraphy) use of geomtric patterns, foral motifs, and symbolic representation in the mosaics and docrations form of visual language that convey’s spiritual and cosmic symbolism. sacred site” on ta temple mount, a site considered sacred in islam, judiasm, and chrisitianity. formuslims it believed to be the location where the propher muhammed ascended to the heavens during the night journey. qibla orientation: dome of the rock is situated where the mihrab (prayer niche) inside the kaaba in mecca, establishing the qibla (direction of prayer) for muslims in jerusalem. created by the Umayyad who wanted to create a religious center in jerusalem. got changed many times because different rulers took over the area and sought to leave their mark on the city
prayer hall
who made it? what year was it made? why was it important? what art style was it in? where can it be found?
found in the great mosque in spain. made by the Umayyads in 785-786 CE; extensive use of the horshoe arches (slender columns supported arches + created a visually stunnning and harmonious space) mosque arches are organized in a double0tier arrangement, which allowed for an open and well ventilated interior. use of the horseshoe arches, horshoe mihrab, and other decorative elements reflects the fusion of islamic architecture with previous hispanic styles. mosque incorporate columns and capitals from earlier roman and visigothic structures (demonstartes intentional reuse of material and a connection with the regions rich history) - construction of the great mosque of cordoba symbolized permanence and prosperity of islamic rule in Al0Andalus. mihrab indicated the direction of the mecca, an essential figure on this mosque. qibla wall where the mihrabs is located, establishes the direction in which muslims pray. size and grandeur of the great mosque of cordoba conveyed th epolitical and cultural power of the Umayyad caliphate (mosque included a large courtyard, a minaret (later converted to a bell tower) and various chambers.
Qorikancha
who made it? what year was it made? why was it important? what art style was it in? where can it be found?
built in 1440 and was then later transformed into the church of santo domingo in 1550-1650 CE. dedicated to the inti, the inca sun god, and served as the primary religious center for sun worship, inti symbolized the source of life, warmth, and fertility. walls and altars were adnored with gold, making it one of the most symptuaous temples in the inca empire. use of gold relfected the inca belief in the ficine nature of the sun associated with wealth and prosperity. (Stone masonry, characterized by precisely cute and fitted stones without the use of mortar. massive stones on the walls exemplified the incas ability to manipulate and fit large stones together) cultural ad administrative center: complex house features structures, including temples dedicated to other deities, rooms for religious rites, and area for storing precious artifacts. SPANISH COLONIAL PERIOD. after the spanish conquest of the inca empire in the early 16th century, the qorikancha underwent a significant transformation. spanish dismentled many of th einca structures, and used the stones to build the church of santo domingo and they built it on top of the qorikancha. the site went from a religious inca center to ta chrisitan religious center; constructed in a renaissance art style and incorporated some of the original inca stonework
