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RELS 204 > Islam Terms > Flashcards

Islam Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Abbasids

A

Classical muslim dynasty

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2
Q

Abu Bakr

A

First Caliph; companion of Muhamma

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3
Q

al-Ghazali

A

Thinker who synthesized orthodox and sufism

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4
Q

‘Ali

A

Nephew of Muhammad; Fourth Caliph; Considered Muhammad’s successor by Shi’ites

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5
Q

Caliph

A

“deputy”; leader of Islam

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6
Q

Dar al-Islam

A

Territories of the ummah

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7
Q

da’wah

A

Missionary for Islam

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8
Q

dhikr

A

Spirituality focusing on consciousness of God

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9
Q

Five Pillars

A

Muslim rituals:

1) Shahadah (confession)
2) Salat (prayer)
3) Zakat (alms-giving)
4) Sawm (fasting)
5) Hajj (pilgrimage)

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10
Q

Hadith

A

Tradition of Muhammad

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11
Q

Hagar

A

Wife of Abraham ancestress of Islam

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12
Q

Hajj

A

Pilgrimage to Mecca

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13
Q

haram

A

Forbidden

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14
Q

Hidden Imam

A

Last Imam who disappeared and will return

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15
Q

Hijra

A

Muhammad and followers from Mecca to Medina

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16
Q

Husayn

A

Son on ‘Ali, considered an Imam

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17
Q

‘Id

A

Festival

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18
Q

Ihram

A

Ritual purity in order to enter Mecca on the Hajj

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19
Q

ijma’

A

Consensus among legal scholars

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20
Q

ijtihad

A

Independent legal reasoning

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21
Q

imam

A

Islamic scholar and leader

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22
Q

iman

A

Faith in the truth of Islam

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23
Q

Ishmael

A

Son of Abraham and Hagar; ancestor of the Muslims

24
Q

isnad

A

chain of transmitter for hadith

25
Q

jihad

A

striving for religious perfection

26
Q

Judgment Day

A

When God will judge all

27
Q

Ka’bah

A

Cube-shaped shrine in Mecca

28
Q

kafir

A

An unbeliever

29
Q

Khadija

A

First wife of Muhammad

30
Q

Kharijites

A

“seceders” moralist sect of Muslims

31
Q

mihrab

A

wall in the mosque indicating direction to Mecca

32
Q

minbar

A

pulpit where sermon is given

33
Q

muezzin

A

caller to prayer

34
Q

Mughal

A

Muslim dynasty established by the Mongols

35
Q

mulla

A

Muslim teacher and expounder of the law

36
Q

Mu’tazilites

A

School that accepted reason for establishing belief

37
Q

Ottoman

A

caliphate ruling much of the Muslim world

38
Q

qiyas

A

Analogy in legal argumentation

39
Q

Ramadan

A

Month where Muslims fast

40
Q

Salat

A

Required Muslim prayer

41
Q

Sawm

A

Ramadan fasting

42
Q

Shahadah

A

Bearing witness to unity of God

43
Q

Shi’ites

A

Belief that ‘Ali and descendants are the proper successors of Muhammad

44
Q

shirk

A

Idolatry, association with God

45
Q

Sufi

A

Follows mystical path of Islam and lifestyle of Muhammad

46
Q

Sunnah

A

Way of acting

47
Q

Sunnites

A

Acknowledge the first four caliphs

48
Q

Tawhid

A

Maintaining Unity of God

49
Q

Twelvers

A

Shi’ites that believe there are twelve imams (Imamis)

50
Q

‘ulama

A

Class of religious legal scholars that study and apply it

51
Q

‘Umar

A

Second Caliph

52
Q

ummah

A

Community with common religion

53
Q

‘Uthman

A

Third Caliph

54
Q

Wahhabi

A

Reform movement

55
Q

Zakat

A

Alms-giving or wealth-sharing

RELS 204 (11 decks)

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