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Studies of Religion 1 unit > Islam HSC > Flashcards

Islam HSC Flashcards

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1
Q

What does Hajj translate to?

A

Pilgrimage

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2
Q

What number pillar is Hajj?

A

5th

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3
Q

What are the 5 pillars?

A

The 5 pillars of Islam are an outward expression of the Islamic faith completed by each adherent.

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4
Q

What is the emphasis of Hajj on?

A

The emphasis of Hajj is on the Ummah and how the faith unites the community.

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5
Q

What does Ummah mean?

A

Nation, the whole community of Muslims bound together by ties of religion.

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6
Q

When is Hajj completed?

A

Between the 8th and 12th day of Dhul Hajj – the 12th month in the Islamic Calendar.

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7
Q

What is Dhul Hajj?

A

the 12th month in the Islamic Calendar.

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8
Q

What is the Talbiya and what are the words?

A
  • Hajj prayer
    “Here I am, O Allah, here I am. Here I am, you have no partner, here I am. Verify all your praise and blessings are Yours, and all sovereignty, You have no partner.”
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9
Q

While on Hajj, adherents:

A
  • enter into a state of Ihram
  • Submit themselves to the origins of the faith as they retrace the footsteps of the Prophets Abraham, muhammad and Ishmael.
  • Curse satan, give zakat and pray for forgiveness.
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10
Q

Quran 2:128

A

“Whoever performs Hajj to this house- Kaaba- and does not commit any obscenity and wrongdoing, he, or she, will come out as the day he, or she was born- pure and free from sins.”

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11
Q

What is ihram?

A
  • all are equal
  • State of purity
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12
Q

What is niyah?

A

Declare intentions for Hajj

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13
Q

What happens on day 1 of Hajj?

A
  • Ihram
  • Niyah
  • Tawaf
  • Sa’y: run between hills and drink from zamzam
  • Leave for mina, recite talbiya, stay overnight.
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14
Q

What is Zuhr Salat?

A

Early afternoon prayers

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15
Q

What is Asr Salat?

A

Late afternoon prayers

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16
Q

What is Wuquf?

A

Pilgrims stand with devotion until sunset, praying and asking for forgiveness.

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17
Q

What happens on day 2 of Hajj?

A

Pilgrims go to Arafat

Perform Zuhr Salat and Asr Salat

Wuquf

In evening, pilgrims go to Muzdalifah and offer Maghrib Salat and Isha Salat

Pilgrims rest at night and collect pebbles

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18
Q

What is Maghrib Salat?

A

Sunset prayer

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19
Q

What is Isha Salat?

A

Night prayer

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20
Q

How many days of Hajj are there?

A

5

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21
Q

What is the large pillar called?

A

Jamratul Aqaba

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22
Q

What happens on day 3 of Hajj?

A
  • Pilgrims go to Mina to throw small pebbles at the large pillar
  • After stoning, pilgrims offer sacrifice
  • Return to Mecca and perform Tawaf
  • Return to Mina and make sacrifice
  • Trim or shave their hair.
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23
Q

What does Ayyamut Tashriq mean?

A

Day of drying meat

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24
Q

What is Jimar?

A

Throwing pebbles at the three pillars

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25
Q

What happens on day 4 of hajj?

A

Ayyamut Tashriq

Stay in Mina

Perform Rami by throwing more pebbles at the three pillars

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26
Q

What happens on day 5 of Hajj?

A

stay at mina
throw pebbles at all three jimar
Farewell Tawaf
Drink water of Zamzam

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27
Q

How is Tawhid expressed in Hajj through Ihram?

A

Uniform clothing signifies equality before Allah

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28
Q

How is Tawhid expressed in Hajj through Arafat?

A

Demonstrates total devotion and submission to Allah

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29
Q

How is Tawhid expressed in Hajj through stoning of the devil?

A

Affirms total devotion to Allah by rejecting evil influences

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30
Q

Quote for expression of Tawhid in hajj

A

“And complete the Hajj and Umrah for Allah.”
Surah Al-Baqarah (2:196)

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31
Q

What does Tawhid mean?

A

Oneness of God

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32
Q

Word for oneness of God

A

Tawhid

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33
Q

What does Kutubullah mean?

A

Books of Allah

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34
Q

What does Mala’ika mean?

A

Angels

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35
Q

Word for books of Allah

A

Kutubullah

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36
Q

Word for angels

A

Mala’ika

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37
Q

What does Rusul mean?

A

Prophets

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38
Q

Word for prophets

A

Rusul

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39
Q

What does Akhira mean?

A

Life after death

40
Q

Word for life after death

A

Akhira

41
Q

What are the 7 articles of faith?

A

Tawhid
Kutubullah
Mala’ika
Rusul
Final judgement
Akhira
Supremacy of Allah’s will

42
Q

How is Kutubullah expressed in Hajj through Tawaf?

A

Reciting prayers during Tawaf invokes the teachings of the Quaran and Sunnah

43
Q

How is Kutubullah expressed in Hajj through Sa’y?

A

Reflects the Quranic story of Hagar’s search for water.

44
Q

How is Kutubullah expressed in Hajj through sacrifice?

A

Reflects Quranic teachings and the story of prophet Abraham’s willingness to sacrifice his son.

45
Q

How is mala’ika expressed in Hajj through Ihram?

A

Observing prescribed behaviours knowing angels are recording deeds.

46
Q

How is mala’ika expressed in Hajj through tawaf?

A

Reaffirmed through the spiritual atmosphere and the belief that angels surround the sacred structure.

47
Q

How is mala’ika expressed in Hajj through arafat?

A

Believes that Angels record the prayers and supplications made on this day.

48
Q

How is Rusul expressed in Hajj through Ihram?

A

Wearing Ihram as prophet Muhammad did, showing adherence to his Sunnah.

49
Q

How is Rusul expressed in Hajj through Arafat?

A

Emulates the actions of prophet Muhammad, who delivered the final sermon at Arafat.

50
Q

How is final judgement expressed in Hajj through Ihram?

A

White garments symbolise purity and remind of the burial shroud, reflecting the final judgement.

51
Q

How is final judgement expressed in Hajj through tawaf?

A

The act signifies accountability before Allah, preparing for the ultimate judgement.

52
Q

How is final judgement expressed in Hajj through arafat?

A

Symbolises the day of judgement, where everyone gathers and seek’s allah’s mercy.

53
Q

How is akhira expressed in Hajj through ihram?

A

Simplicity and humility in dress and actions echo preparation for the hereafter.

53
Q

How is final judgement expressed in Hajj through stoning of the devil?

A

Symbolises the battle against sin, preparing for accountability on the day of judgement.

54
Q

How is akhira expressed in Hajj through arafat?

A

Emphasises seeking forgiveness and preparing for the afterlife.

55
Q

How is akhira expressed in Hajj through stoning of the devil?

A

Reinforces the commitment to living a righteous life in preparation for the hereafter.

56
Q

How is akhira expressed in Hajj through shaving hair?

A

Symbolises spiritual renewal and purity, the pilgrim’s readiness for the afterlife.

57
Q

How is the supremacy of allah’s will expressed in Hajj through sa’y?

A

Accepts and submits to Allah’s divine plan and tests, as Hagar did.

58
Q

How is the supremacy of allah’s will expressed in Hajj through stoning of the devil?

A

demonstrates submission to Allah’s commands and rejection of anything contrary to His will.

59
Q

How is the supremacy of allah’s will expressed in Hajj through arafat?

A

Accepts Allah’s command to stand in Arafat, demonstrating obedience to His will.

60
Q

Quote for expression of supremacy of Allah’s will in Hajj?

A

“And complete the hajj and Umrah for Allah.”
Surah Al-Baqarah (2:196)

61
Q

What is the significance of Hajj for the individual?

A
  • The opportunity for spiritual rebirth/rejuvenation through developing a closer relationship with Allah.
  • Fulfilment: completing this pillar strengthens a muslims faith and reinforces belief.
  • Islamic identity: deepening their understanding of what it means to be a muslim.
  • Worship that is considered as meritorious and doing spiritual Jihad.
  • One of the greatest acts of penitence, the reward of which is the assurance of heaven.
62
Q

What is the significance of Hajj for the community?

A
  • The individual is reminded of the world-wide Islamic community through their participation in Hajj and is united in this physical expression of the core beliefs in islam.
  • Believers are united in the oneness and unity of Allah.
  • The rituals performed are integral to the identity of Islam as a living religious system. This identity is strengthened on a global scale.
  • Hajj ritual play an important role in maintaining social stability and cohesion.
  • Hajj promotes international and interracial harmony through the state of Ihram.
63
Q

Describe the action: Ihram

A

The state of spiritual purity and intention required for Hajj, marked by specific clothing and behaviours.

64
Q

Give examples of the clothing/behaviours in ihram

A
  • A white seamless garment (gown for women)
  • No cutting hair or nails
  • No perfume
  • No marital relations
65
Q

Describe the action: Tawaf

A

The circling of the Kaaba seven times in a counterclockwise direction.

66
Q

Describe the action: S’ay

A

Walking seven times between the hills of Safa and Marwah.

67
Q

Describe the action: Arafat

A

Pilgrims gather on the plain of Arafat, engaging in prayer and supplication, seeking Allah’s mercy and forgiveness.

68
Q

Describe the action: stoning of the devil

A

Throwing pebbles at the three pillars in Mina.

69
Q

Describe the action: Sacrifice.

A

Offering an anima, usually a sheep or a goat, as a symbolic act of obedience to Allah.

70
Q

Describe the action: shaving/trimming hair

A

Marks the completion of the pilgrimage and the pilgrim’s readiness to return to everyday life.

71
Q

Describe the action: Farewell tawaf

A

The final circling of the Kaaba before leaving Mecca.

72
Q

What is the significance of Ihram to the individual?

A

Ihram initiates a state of spiritual purity and equality, fostering unity and humility among all pilgrims by removing distinctions of wealth and status. It encourages focus on worship and devotion, cultivating self-discipline and preparing the individual for pilgrimage rites.

73
Q

What is the significance of Ihram to the community?

A

Ihram promotes a sense of unity and equality within the community, as all pilgrims wear identical clothing and adhere to the same rules, erasing social and economic distinctions. This shared experience strengthens communal bonds and reinforces the collective identity of the Muslim Ummah.

74
Q

What is the significance of Tawaf to the individual?

A

Deepens their spiritual connection to Allah through an act of devotion performed at the holiest site in Islam. It also fosters a profound sense of unity and equality, as the pilgrim joins others in a collective expression of faith, reinforcing their identity and belonging within the global community.

75
Q

What is the significance of Tawaf to the community?

A

Symbolises the unity and equality of al Muslims, as the pilgrims from diverse backgrounds gather and perform the ritual together. This collective act strengthens the bonds within the global Muslim community, fostering a sense of solidarity and shared purpose in their devotion to Allah.

76
Q

Quote for Tawaf

A

“Purify My House for those who perform Tawaf and those who stand in prayer.” (22:26)

77
Q

What does this quote mean?

“Purify My House for those who perform Tawaf and those who stand in prayer.” (22:26)

A
  • a spiritual journey towards attaining heaven.
  • highlights the sanctity of the Kaaba
78
Q

What is the significance of Sa’y for the individual?

A

Symbolises the pilgrim’s perseverance and trust in Allah. This act of devotion fosters a deeper connection to Islamic beliefs and reinforces the pilgrim’s faith and reliance on Allah’s mercy and provision.

79
Q

What is the significance of Sa’y for the community?

A

Unites Muslims in a shared ritual that honours the trials of Hagar, fostering a collective sense of history and faith. This act of worship strengthens the bonds within the global Muslim community, emphasising solidarity, perseverance and reliance on Allah.

80
Q

Quote for Sa’y

A

“Indeed, as-Safa and al-Marwah are among the symbols of Allah.” (2:158)

81
Q

What is the significance of Arafat to the individual?

A

Represents a profound moment of repentance, prayer, and seeking Allah’s forgiveness, embodying a personal connection to the Day of Judgement. Standing on the plain of Arafat allows the pilgrim to experience spiritual renewal and a deep sense of humility before Allah.

82
Q

What is the significance of Arafat to the community?

A

Unities all pilgrims in a collective act of worship, symbolising the equality and unity of the Muslim Ummah. This shares experience of standing together in prayer and supplication fosters a sense of global solidarity and reinforces communal bonds within the Islamic faith.

83
Q

What is the significance of the stoning of the devil for the individual?

A

Symbolises the rejection of evil and personal commitment to resisting temptation, mirroring the actions of Prophet Abraham. This ritual act reinforces the pilgrim’s dedication to leading a righteous life and their resolve to overcome personal struggles against sin.

84
Q

What is the significance of the stoning of the devil for the community?

A

Unites pilgrims in a shared act of defiance against evil, fostering a collective commitment to righteousness. This communal ritual strengthens the bonds within the Muslim Ummah, emphasising their collective dedication to upholding Islamic values and resisting sinful influences.

85
Q

What is the significance of sacrifice for the individual?

A

Symbolises their willingness to submit to Allah’s will, following the example of Prophet Abraham’s profound faith and obedience. This act of devotion fosters spiritual purification and reinforces the pilgrim’s commitment to selflessness and dedication to their faith.

86
Q

What is the significance of sacrifice for the community?

A

Collective devotion and adherence to Islamic traditions, uniting Muslims in a shared ritual of obedience to Allah.

87
Q

What is the significance of shaving/trimming hair for the individual?

A

Signifies a personal act of purification and renewal, marking the pilgrim’s spiritual renewal, marking the pilgrim’s spiritual cleansing and commitment to a fresh start in their faith. It represents humility and obedience to Allah, symbolising the completion of the Hajj rites and the pilgrim’s readiness to return to their everyday life with a renewed sense of devotion.

88
Q

What is the significance of shaving/trimming hair for the community?

A

Fosters a sense of solidarity and mutual support among the pilgrims.

89
Q

What is the significance of the farewell tawaf for the individual?

A

Marks the conclusion of the pilgrimage, symbolising a return to everyday life with renewed faith and spiritual growth. It embodies a moment of reflection, gratitude and commitment to continue their journey of faith beyond the pilgrimage.

90
Q

What is the significance of the farewell tawaf for the community?

A

Signifies the collective completion of the pilgrimage rites, fostering a sense of unity and solidarity among all pilgrims. This shared act of bidding farewell to the sacred sanctuary of Mecca reinforces the bonds within the Muslim ummah, emphasising the universal nature of Islam and the interconnectedness of believers from diverse backgrounds.

91
Q

What does tawaf symbolise in Hajj?

A

Designed to awaken the consciousness of each pilgrim to the idea that Allah is the centre of their reality and the source of meaning in life.

92
Q

What is the story in the Quran that Jamra symbolises?

A

Symbolic of Abraham throwing stones at Satan when Satan was trying to convince him not to sacrifice his son.

93
Q

What about prophet Abraham’s story is Hajj reminiscent?

A

His sacrifices, his overcoming of vice and Satan’s deceptions, his devotion to his Lord to the point of dedicating everything and everyone he loved for God.

94
Q

What are the virtues of Hajj?

A

It is one of the best deed in the sight of Allah

It is a season of great forgiveness

It provides a great opportunity to be saved from the hellfire

The reward for it is paradise

95
Q

What are the ultimate goals of Hajj?

A

A demonstration of total submission and humility to Allah

A demonstration of gratefulness to Allah

A wholesome demonstration of the universality of Islam

It is a reminder of the Day of Judgement

It is a demonstration of true worship of Allah alone

Studies of Religion 1 unit (6 decks)

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