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Islam Flashcards

1
Q

Caliph

A

Prophets successor as the head of the Muslim community

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2
Q

Fatwa

A

Ruling issued by a traditional religio- legal authority

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3
Q

Fiqh

A

Jurisprudence or the theoretical principles underpinning the specific regulation contained in the shariah

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4
Q

Hadith

A

Body of texts reporting Muhammad’s words and example taken by Muslim’s as a foundation for conduct and doctrine

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5
Q

Individual unit of literatire

A

Hadith

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6
Q

Haji

A

Annual pilgrimage to meca

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7
Q

Halal

A

Ritually acceptable most often used in the context of slaughter of meat dietary restrictions

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8
Q

Huram

A

Forbidden - taboo - re actions

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9
Q

Hijrah

A

Prophets migration from Mecca to establish a community in medina

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10
Q

Hijab

A

Woman’s head covering

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11
Q

Imam

A

Religious leadership position n Islam

Head of Muslim community

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12
Q

Used to refer to leaders and Abraham in the quran

A

Imam

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13
Q

Jihad

A

Struggle in defence of faith some are military others some spiritual

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14
Q

Kaaba

A

Small cubicle building in middle of courtyard of the great mosque in mecca

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15
Q

Miraj

A

Prophets miraculous journey to heaven

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16
Q

Ramadan

A

The month throughout where muslims fast during daylight hours

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17
Q

Salat

A

Prescribed daily prayers said 5 x a day

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18
Q

Shahadah

A

Muslim profession of faith in god as the only god and in Mohammad as gods prophet

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19
Q

Shariah

A

regulations of Islamic law

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20
Q

Fiqh

A

Jurisprudence or theoretical discussion of the law

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21
Q

Shiia

A

One of two branches of islam

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22
Q

Rejects first three Sunni caliphs and regards Ali the fourth caliph as Muhammad’s first true successor

A

Shiia

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23
Q

Sunni

A

Larger of the two branches of Islam - differs from Shi’a in its understanding of the sunna and its conception of religious leadership and its acceptance of the three caliphs

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24
Q

Sunnah

A

The life example of Muhammad’s words and deeds based mainly on the Hadith literature primary source of guidance for Muslim’s

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25
Ummah
Muslim community
26
Zakat
Prescribed welfare tax of 2.5 percent of each Muslim’s wealth - now donated to charity
27
Social and economic implications of Muhammad’s revelations
Charity Giving Not charging interest on loans
28
Muhammad moved to Medina because
There was a plot to kill him Inifidel unrest He was a neutral mediator helped settle disputes between Jews christians and muslims
29
How do good works fit into Muslim teachings
Muhammad emphasized action and good works included integrity in situations of war - good will seen as acts of piety devotion
30
Why is Muhammad seen to be the seal of the prophets
He recovers the final revelation for humanity - the Quran
31
Main cause of sectarian division after death of muhammad
Appointing a successor Sunni believed Muhammad had not designated a successor Shi’a thought he had appointed Ali his cousin and son in law
32
Significance of the Shahadah
Muslim profession of faith in god as the only god and in Muhammad as gods prophet that this is true and accept all commitments of the faith
33
The components of salat or daily prayer
5 x a day Ritualistic wash Cycle of bowing kneeling prostration Can occur anywhere
34
How has zakaret shifted in the contemporary context from the original practice
After decentralization of Islam Zakariyah becomes voluntary as opposed to the responsibility of the individual
35
Ramadan
Month where muskims fast during daylight
36
Ramadan emulates what
Muhammad’s meditative trips - used to develop a more personal relationship with allah - refrain from smoking and drinking as well
37
Stages of haji
Move around sacred object 7 x Run back and forth between 2 hills Drinks from well of zamzam
38
Shariah law
Divine law given to Muhammad from god
39
This includes how a person should act with others and a persons relationship with god
Shariah law
40
2 subgroups in Shi’a islam
7’s and 12ers
41
Who is the 12 imam
Mahdi
42
When Mahdi returns to earth what will happen
Bring forth the apocalypse lead the righteous
43
How can honour killings be seen as cultural not religious
Has to do with shame faced by family due to conduct of daughter
44
How does Quran describe women and their rights
Women have same religious duties - equal modesty for men and women
45
Why do women wear a veil
Tradition Pressure Religious identity Emulation ofmuhammads wives
46
Four key features of a mosque
Fountain large place for kneeling and lying out pulpit for Imam images niche in wall closest to Mecca showing correct position for prayer
47
Al Qaeda ideology
Remove Americans from Muslim countries to reduce influence Liberate the holy mosque so that the lands are not threatened by western influence A caliphate cannot be established until western forces are defeated and out of Muslim countries
48
This violates mainstream Muslim beliefs
Suicide bombing
49
In the quaran can women own property
Yes
50
How does quaran see women
Sees in women human dignity and social emotional personality that were denied in many societies
51
Does Quran mention hijab
No - it demands modesty for men and women and says no jewellry
52
Five pillars of islam
``` To declare and bear witness that there is no god except god Muhammad is the messenger of god Establish regular worship Pay the alms Observe Ramadan Perform haji pilgrimage ```
53
Islam is an Arabic word meaning
To surrender
54
For the Islamic religious tradition Islam means
A persons total submission to gods will
55
Islam minor musical movement is
Sufism
56
What is a tribe
A component of a larger tribal society
57
In biological terms a tribal society is
Class
58
A particular tribe is the
Order
59
Clan is a
Family
60
The adoption and incorporation of Jewish and Christian practices by Islam was facilitated by
All three shared a monotheistic concept of the divine
61
Teachings of Muhammad that are adhered to by Muslim’s are found in
Qu’arn and Hadith
62
Quaran
Recorded words of allah as revealed to Muhammad
63
Hadith
Words and actions of Muhammad as recorded by eye witnesses to the events
64
Five basic beliefs in Islam
Belief in allah Belief in angels Belief in allahs messengers Belief in final judgement on the last day
65
Five practices also known as
Five pillars
66
Five practices of Islam
``` No god but allah Alms for the poor Prescribed prayers Fasting - Ramadan Hajj pilgrimage to Ka’ba in Mecca ```
67
Shahada
Bearing witness that there is no god except allah
68
Zaqat
Alms for the poor 2.5 % of wealth
69
Salat
Daily prayers
70
Swam
Fasting
71
Tawhid
Absolute oneness of god
72
3 important religious developments of Islam
Early consolidation and spread of Islam Sunni Shiite split Emergence and development of Sufi sect
73
Sunni beliefs
Caliphs lead Authority of Hadith and sunnah Shariah law rooted in their interpretation of quaran Quran is eternal Leaning to predestination - allah exercises his influence in individuals
74
Shiites believe
Divinely inspired imams lead Authority of imam Literal meaning of quaran - distrust Sunni interpretation Believe in existence of Mahdi who will return to usher in era of justice Strong emphasis on free will
75
Four main Sunni schools of shariah
Hanifite Malikite Safiite Hanabalite
76
Hanifite
Most liberal school | Focus on analogous reasoning
77
Malikite
Emphasis on consensus of scholarly opinion
78
Safiite
Classical form of Islamic law Synthesizes othe4 schools Emphasis on quaran hadiths consensus and analogy
79
Hanabalite
Most conservative | Literal quaran
80
Number of primary Islamic states
43
81
Extremist groups seeking to purify Islam and defeat enemies of Islam
Al Qaeda | Isis
82
Islam is more concerned with orthopraxy or orthodoxy
Orthopraxy
83
Feast of sacrifice
A requirement of hajj
84
Feast after Ramadan
Feast of fast breaking

Intro Western Religion (10 decks)

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