Islam Flashcards
Astrolabe
was an inclinometer used to determine the latitude of a ship at sea by measuring the sun’s noon altitude (declination) or the meridian altitude of a star of known declination.
Mecca
Mecca, in a desert valley in western Saudi Arabia, is Islam’s holiest city, as it’s the birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad and the faith itself. Only Muslims are allowed in the city, with millions arriving for the annual Hajj (pilgrimage)
Medina
Medina is a city in western Saudi Arabia. In the city center, the vast Al-Masjid an-Nabawi (Prophet’s Mosque) is a major Islamic pilgrimage site. Its striking Green Dome rises above the tombs of the Prophet Muhammad and early Islamic leaders Abu Bakr and Umar.
The five pillars
1) Shahada: Testifying to God’s One-ness: The declaration “There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is His prophet.”
2) Salat: Prayer. General Features of Islamic Prayer. …
3) Zakat: Giving charity. Originally a free-will donation (what is no called Sadaqah ). …
4) Sawm: Fast. …
5) Hajj: Pilgrimage.
Khadijah
was the first wife of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. She is commonly regarded by Muslims as the “Mother of the Believers”, and was the first person to convert to Islam.
Hadith
record of the traditions or sayings of the Prophet Muhammad, revered and received as a major source of religious law and moral guidance, second only to the authority of the Qurʾān, the holy book of Islam.
Ulama
a body of Muslim scholars recognized as having specialist knowledge of Islamic sacred law and theology.
Caliphate
is an area containing an Islamic steward known as a caliph ,a person considered a religious successor to the Islamic prophet, Muhammad and a leader of the entire Muslim community.
Ummayad
was the second of the four major Arab caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. This caliphate was centered on the Umayyad dynasty, hailing from Mecca.
Abbasid
was the third of the Islamic caliphates to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. The Abbasid dynasty descended from Muhammad’s youngest uncle, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, from whom the dynasty takes its name.
Caliph
A person considered a religious successor to the Islamic prophet
Islam
An Abrahamic monotheistic religion articulated by the Quran
Quran
Central religious text of Islam which Muslims take it as a relevation of God
Hijab
Is a veil traditionally worn by Muslim women in presence of strange me
Sheik
A leader in a Muslim community or organization
Haj
A Pilgrimage To Mecca during Dhu’l Hijja, for every Muslim who is capable of understanding it at least once his or her life
