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3rd yr 2nd sem > ISBB - Other Blood Group > Flashcards

ISBB - Other Blood Group Flashcards

1
Q

Produced by tissue cells and found in secretions

A

ISBT 007 / Lewis

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2
Q

Not well developed at birth

A

ISBT 007 / Lewis

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3
Q

Identify if Le (a-b-) is newborn, nonsecretor, or true Lewis phenotype

A

newborn

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4
Q

Identify if Le (a+b-) is newborn, nonsecretor, or true Lewis phenotype

A

nonsecretor

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5
Q

Identify if Le (a-b+) is newborn, nonsecretor, or true Lewis phenotype

A

true Lewis phenotype

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6
Q

Unique because ___ antigens are not intrinsic to RBCs but are type 1 glycosphingolipids that are passively absorbed on the RBC membrane plasma

A

ISBT 007 / Lewis

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7
Q

♥ Le (a-b-): found more frequently among ___
♥ _____: rare among whites and Africans but is more frequent among Asians
♥ _____: always present on nonsecretors; Lewis nonsecretor phenotype

A

♥ Africans
♥ Le (a+b+)
♥ Le(a)

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8
Q

Lack of expression of Lewis antigens has been demonstrated on the RBCs of patients with ___, ___, ___, ___

A

Cancer
Alcoholic
Cirrhosis
Viral and parasitic infections

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9
Q

Lewis causes mild ___; do not cause ___

A

HTR; HDN

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10
Q

ISBT 007

A

Lewis

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11
Q

ISBT 003

A

P1PK

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12
Q

P1PK: In their search for new antigens, they injected rabbits with human RBCs and produced an antibody, initially called ___, that divided human RBCs into two groups: ___ and ___

A

Anti-P
P+ and P-

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13
Q

___, ___, or ___ may be found on RBCs, lymphocytes, granulocytes and monocytes

A

P1, P, or Pk

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14
Q

P can be found on platelets, ___ and ___

A

Epithelial cells and fibroblasts

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15
Q

P and Pk have also been found in plasma as ___ and as ___ in hydatid cyst fluid

A

glycosphingolipids; glycoproteins

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16
Q

P antigen: poorly expressed at birth and may take up to ___ years to be fully expressed

A

seven

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17
Q

P antigen deteriorates rapidly on storage – older RBCs used as control for typing reagents can lead to false ___ result

A

negative

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18
Q

P antigen has been identified in hydatid cyst fluid (___), ___ (common earth worm) and Ascaris suum

A

E. granulosus
Lumbricoides terrestris

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19
Q

P1-like antigen has been found on: (Give 3)

A

Plasma
Droppings of pigeon and turtle doves
Eggwhite of turtle doves

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20
Q

Blacks have a stronger expression of (P1) than whites

A

True

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21
Q

___ marker of apoptosis in germinal center B cells, Burkitt lymphoma, and lymphoblastic leukemia

A

Pk antigen

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22
Q

A receptor for Shiga toxins which cause Shigella dysentery and E. coli-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and also provides protection against HIV infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells

A

Pk antigen

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23
Q

Autoanti-P
- PNH (Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria)
OR
- PCH (paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria)

A

PCH (paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria)

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24
Q

Anti-P1: observed in individuals infected with ____; have also been found in patients with fascioliasis (bovine liver fluke disease) and in bird handlers

A

Echinococcus granulosus

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25
Q

___ originally called as anti- (“T” = tumor) was first described in the serum of Mrs. Jay, a p individual with adenocarcinoma of the stomach

A

Anti-PP1Pk

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26
Q

Produced by p individuals early in life without RBC sensitization and reacts with all RBCs except those of the p phenotype

A

Anti-PP1Pk

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27
Q

Anti-PP1Pk is associated with ___ in early pregnancy

A

spontaneous abortions

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28
Q

Anti-Pk is associated with ___ and autoimmune hemolytic anemia

A

biliary cirrhosis

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29
Q

P system antigens also serve as receptors for ___ – a cause of UTI

A

P-fimbriated uropathogenic E. coli

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30
Q

P is the receptor of human ___

A

parvovirus B19

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31
Q

ISBT 002

A

MNS

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32
Q

How many antigens have been included in the MNS system that makes it almost equal to Rh in size and complexity?

A

49

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33
Q

___ antigens is found on glycophorin ___ and they are antithetical antigens – easily destroyed by enzymes

A

MN
A

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34
Q

___ antigens is found on glycophorin ___ and they are antithetical antigens – less easily destroyed by enzymes

A

Ss
B

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35
Q

In MNS, the _____:
reacts best when acidified;
pH-dependent (reacts best at pH 6.5);
shows DOSAGE effect

A

Anti-M

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36
Q

In MNS, the _____ is seen in renal patient, who are dialyzed on equipment sterilized with formaldehyde

A

Anti-N

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37
Q

In MNS, the Anti -___
___ = universal; found on black people

A

U

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38
Q

En(a-) phenotype: M-N-
—> Confers resistance to ___ merozoite

A

Plasmodium falciparum

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39
Q

_____ phenotype:
null phenotype;
typed as M-N-S-s-U-En(a-)Wr(a-b-), but has a normal hematologic picture

A

Mk

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40
Q

In MNSS, the ___ may serve as the receptor by which certain pyelonephritogenic strains of E. coli gain entry to the urinary tract

A

Glycophorin A

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41
Q

The malaria parasite ___ appears to use alternative receptors, including GPA and GPB

A

Plasmodium falciparum

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42
Q

ISBT number of “I” which is also known as individuality”

A

027

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43
Q

At birth, infant red cells are rich in (i or I) and
(i or I) is almost undetectable

A

rich in i
undetectable in I

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44
Q

During the first ___ of life, the quantity of i slowly decreases as I increases until adult proportions are reached;
adult red cells are rich in I and have only trace amount of i antigen

A

18 months

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45
Q

There is NO true I- or i- phenotype

A

true

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46
Q

I and i are NO antithetical antigens

A

True

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47
Q

In ISBT 027: I, ___ is common antibody that can be benign or pathologic

A

Anti-I

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48
Q

Anti-I demonstrates strong reactions with (adult/cord) cells and weak reactions with (adult/cord) cells

A

adult
cord

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49
Q

Anti-I is not associated with ___ because the antigen is poorly expressed on infant red cells

A

HDN

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50
Q

Benign Anti-I
OR
Pathologic Anti-I / Anutoanti-I

is found in the serum of normal healthy adults; not associated with an in vivo red cell destruction

A

Benign Anti-I

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51
Q

Benign Anti-I
OR
Pathologic Anti-I / Anutoanti-I

patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae often develop strong cold agglutinin with I specificity as a cross-reactive response to Mycoplasma antigen

A

Pathologic Anti-I / Anutoanti-I

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52
Q

Pathologic Anti-I / Anutoanti-I:

___ organism from a patient with cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia has been reported to absorb anti-I and stimulate its production in rabbits

A

Listeria monocytogenes

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53
Q

Pathologic Anti-I / Auto anti-I:

Associated with ___ disease

A

cold agglutinin

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54
Q

(Anti-i / Anti-I) is associated with infectious mononucleosis, alcoholic cirrhosis, myeloid leukemia and reticuloses

A

Anti-i

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55
Q

Anti-I^T:

T = transition

Naturally occurring antibody among Melanesians, coastal residents of Papua New Guinea, Yayoma and Venezuela

Have been found in patients with ___, with special association with Hodgkin’s lymphoma

A

warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (WAIHA)

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56
Q

Chronic dyserythropoiesis anemia type II or hereditary erythroblastic multinuclearity with a positive acidified serum test <HEMPAS> is associated with much greater
---> (I or i) activity</HEMPAS>

A

i activity

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57
Q

In Asians, the “i” adult phenotype has been associated with ___

A

congenital cataracts

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58
Q

ISBT 008

A

Duffy

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59
Q

Named for Mr. Duffy, a multiply transfused hemophiliac who in 1950 was found to have the first described example of ___

A

anti-Fya

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60
Q

___ is important for invasion of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium knowlesi

A

Fy6

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61
Q

Anti-Fya and anti-Fyb have been associated with ___ & ___

A

acute & delayed HTRs

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62
Q

Unlike Fya and Fyb, the ___ antigen is not destroyed by enzymes

Like (ans in the first blank), ___ is not also destroyed by enzymes

A

Fy3
Fy5

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63
Q

In Duffy, the Fy(___) is commonly found in black population

A

(a-b-)

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64
Q

ISBT 009

A

KIDD

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65
Q

Found on Mrs. Kidd whose infant has ___

A

HDN

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66
Q

___ antibodies have a notorious reputation in the blood bank (What ISBT?)

A

Kidd

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67
Q

Kidd is the most common cause of ___

A

delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR)

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68
Q

Drug-induced autoantibody is associated with Kidd blood group system on patient receiving ___ and another was CHLORPROPAMIDE-dependent

A

ALDOMET/METHYLDOPA

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69
Q

KIDD blood group system

Jk(___)
null phenotype;
most abundant among Polynesian, and is identified in Filipinos, Indonesian, Chinese, and Japanese

A

(a-b-)

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70
Q

Jk(a-b-) also resists lysis to ___

A

2M urea

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71
Q

With Jk(a+) or Jk(b+) RBCs, lysis in 2M urea occurs within how many minute/s?

With Jk(a-b-) cells, lysis is delayed by how many minute/s?

A

1 minute
30 minutes

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72
Q

ISBT 006

A

KELL

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73
Q

Excluding ABO, this ISBT (__) is rated second only to D in terms of immunogenicity

A

K

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74
Q

KELL consists of ___ high-prevalence & low-prevalence antigens;

A

36

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75
Q

___ was the first blood group system discovered after the introduction of antiglobulin testing

A

KELL

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76
Q

___ antigen can be detected on fetal RBCs as early as 10 weeks and is well developed at birth

A

K

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77
Q

Kell blood group antigens are found only on what blood cells?

A

RBCs

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78
Q

Kell antigen expression is dependent upon the presence of ___ protein

A

Xk

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79
Q

In Kell, the ___ Syndrome:

  • absence of Xk results
  • associated with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD)
A

McLeod

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80
Q

Depressed Kell antigens are seen on RBCs with the rare ___-negative phenotypes
Ge: -2, -3, 4 and Ge: -2, -3, -4

A

Gerbich

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81
Q

Patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia, in which the autoantibody is directed against a Kell antigen, may have depressed expression of that antigen
(T or F)

A

True

82
Q

K (Kell)
k (Cellano)
Kpa (___)
Kpb (___)
Jsa (___)
Jsb (___)

A

Penny
Rautenberg
Sutter
Matthews

83
Q

___ is an antibody outside of the ABO and Rh antibodies which is a most common antibody seen in blood bank

  • Was identified in 1946 in the serum of Mrs. Kelleher
  • Associated with severe HDN
A

Anti-K

84
Q

Antibodies to ___, ___, and other low frequency Kell antigens: are rare because so few people are exposed to the antigen;
most often detected through unexpected incompatible crossmatches or cases of HDN

A

Kpa
Jsa

85
Q

Antibodies to ___, ___, ___, and other high-frequency Kell antigens: antibodies to high frequency Kell antigens are rare, because so few people lack the antigen

A

k
Kpb
Jsb

86
Q

In Kell, the ___ antigen is present on all RBCs except those of the rare McLeod phenotype (K0 and Kmod phenotype RBCs have increased Kx antigen)

A

Kx

87
Q

___ phenotype: lack expression of all Kell antigens

A

K0

88
Q

___: recognizes the “universal” Kell antigen (Ku) present on all RBCs except K0

A

Anti-Ku

89
Q

ISBT 005

A

Lutheran

90
Q

Named from the donor Lutheran when an anti- ___ was discovered in serum of a patient with SLE following transfusion

A

Lu(a)

91
Q

Lutheran antigens have not been detected on platelets, ___, monocytes, or granulocytes

A

lymphocytes

92
Q

Lutheran ___ is widely expressed distributed in tissue: brain, lung, pancreas, placenta, skeletal muscle and hepatocytes

A

glycoproteins

93
Q

In anti-Lu(a), most are naturally occurring saline agglutinins (Ig__) that react better at ___ than 37C

A

IgM
RT

94
Q

Anti-Lu(a):
Experienced technologists recognize Lutheran antibodies by their characteristic ___,___ reactivity in a test tube

A

loose, mixed-field

95
Q

___ is implicated with shortened survival of transfused cells and posttransfusion jaundice.

What anti-Lutheran?
Anti-Lu(a)
Anti-Lub
Anti-Lu3

A

Anti-Lub

96
Q

___ is a rare antibody that reacts with all RBCs except Lu(a-b-) RBCs

What anti-Lutheran?
Anti-Lu(a)
Anti-Lub
Anti-Lu3

A

Anti-Lu3

97
Q

ISBT 010

A

DIEGO

98
Q

Di(a) antigen has served as a useful tool in anthropologic studies of ___ ancestry

A

Mongolian

99
Q

Diego antigens are located on the ___ (AE-1)

A

anion exchange molecule

100
Q

Associated with hereditary spherocytosis, acanthocytosis and southeast Asian ovalocytosis. What blood group system?

A

ISBT 010 / Diego

101
Q

ISBT 011

A

Cartwright

102
Q

Yt(a): ___ incidence antigen

Yt(b): ___ incidence antigen

A

high
low

103
Q

___ antigens have been located on erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase, which is an enzyme involved in neurotransmission

A

Yt

104
Q

ISBT 012

A

XG

105
Q

Xg(a) antigen is carried by a protein with cell adhesion properties that has been demonstrated to have homology with the CD__ molecule

A

99

106
Q

ISBT 013

A

Scianna

107
Q

Scianna Null Type: ___

A

Sc: -1, -2, -3

108
Q

SC gene is located on chromosome ___ at ___. The product of the gene is a protein called erythroid membrane-associated protein (ERMAP), which is an RBC adhesion protein

A

1 at 1p34

109
Q

The prevalence of Sc2 in Northern Europaeans is 1% but is higher in the ___ population

A

Mennonite

110
Q

ISBT 014

A

Dombrock

111
Q

The ___ antigens are carried on a mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase 4 (ART4) attached to the RBC membrane by a GPI anchor

A

Dombrock

112
Q

Dombrock Null: ___ phenotype

A

Gy(a-)

113
Q

Dombrock is not associated with ___, but reported to cause ___

A

HDN
delayed transfusion reactions

114
Q

ISBT 015

A

Colton

115
Q

The ___ antigens are carried on an integral membrane protein, aquaporin 1 (AQP1), which accounts for 80% of water reabsorption in the kidneys

A

Colton

116
Q

CO antigens have been located on the transport protein known as ___ (CHIP), which forms the primary RBC water channel and is responsible for water permeability

A

channel forming integral protein

117
Q

ISBT 016

A

Landsteiner-wiener

118
Q

LW(___):
null phenotype;
in one individual who made anti-LW(ab) – Mrs. Big

A

a-b-

119
Q

___ antigens are resistant to treatment of RBCs with enzymes and glycineacid EDTA

A

LW

120
Q

___ is also common in serum from patients with warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia

A

Autoanti-LW

121
Q

ISBT 017

A

CHIDO / RODGERS

122
Q

what blood group system is associated with HLA system?

A

CHIDO / RODGERS

123
Q

Chido / Rodgers is composed of ___ antigens, they are on the fourth component of complement (C4), and are adsorbed onto RBCs from plasma

A

nine

124
Q

Anti-___ antibodies were collectively grouped as HTLA (high titer, low avidity) along with other antibodies

A

Ch/Rg

125
Q

ISBT 020

A

GERBICH

126
Q

Ge antigens are inherited on chromosome ___ and are expressed on glycophorins C and/or D

A

2

127
Q

Individuals with ___ phenotype
(Ge: -2, -3, -4) present with a change in RBC morphology in the form of elliptocytes

A

Leach

128
Q

Rh Null Syndrome: + ___

___: + acanthocytes

A

stomatocytes

McLeod Phenotype

129
Q

In Gerbich, the ___ type is the Gerbich null phenotype

A

Leach

130
Q

___ most common Gerbich antibody

A

Anti-Ge(2)

131
Q

♥ ___ type: Ge: -2, 3, 4
♥ Gerbich type: Ge: ___
♥ Leach type: Ge: -2, -3, -4

A

Yus
-2, -3, 4

132
Q

ISBT 021

A

CROMER

133
Q

In 1965, an antibody was found in a ___ patient, Mrs. Cromer, that reacted with all RBCs except her own and two siblings.

A

black prenatal

134
Q

It was originally thought Mrs, Cromer antibody recognized an antigen antithetical to Go(a) of the Rh blood group system. The antibody was named ___ in 1975

A

anti-Cr(a)

135
Q

Cromer null phenotype: ___

A

In(ab)

136
Q

The Cr(a-) phenotype is typically found in ___ and is not found in ___

A

blacks
whites

137
Q

Dr(a-) RBCs have weakened expression of all other high-prevalence Cromer antigens.
Has been found only among ___from Bakhara and in ___

A

Jews
Japanese

138
Q

___ antibodies are rarely observed, with majority examples are on black individuals

A

CROM

139
Q

ISBT 022

A

Knops

140
Q

The ___ phenotype represents the serologic null phenotype for the Knops blood group; these RBCs type Kn(a-b-), McC(a-), SI(a-) and Yk(a-) because of the low copy number of CR1

A

Helgeson

141
Q

ISBT 023

A

INDIAN

142
Q

IN antibodies are carried on the hematopoietic isoform of the CD___ marker, which is known for its immune adhesion properties

A

44

143
Q

ISBT 024

A

OK

144
Q

Anti-Ok(a) was identified in 1979 and was named after the antibody maker, Mrs. ___

A

Kobutso

145
Q

OK antigens are carried on CD___, or basigin, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that mainly functions as receptors and adhesion molecules

A

147

146
Q

___is a receptor essential for invasion by Plasmodium falciparum

A

Basigin

147
Q

ISBT 025

A

RAPH

148
Q

___, the only antigen in the Raph system, which was originally defined by two monoclonal antibodies

A

MER2

149
Q

MER2 (Raph antigen) is located on CD___, a tetraspanin, which appears to be essential for the assembly of basement membranes in the kidney and skin

A

151

150
Q

The antigen name is derived from monoclonal, and ___, the laboratory where the antibody was produced

A

Eleanor Roosevelt

151
Q

ISBT 026

A

JOHN HAMILTON HAGEN

152
Q

♥ JMH is a ___-prevalence antigen
♥ Numerous examples of anti-JMH have been seen, especially in patients ___ years and older

A

high
50

153
Q

ISBT 029

A

GILL

154
Q

♥ ___: the only one antigen in GILL
♥ This antigen is found on the glycerol transporter aquaporin 3 (AQP3), a member of the major intrinsic protein family of water and glycerol channels

A

GIL

155
Q

ISBT 030

A

RHAG

156
Q

The ___ does not have Rh blood group antigens; however, its presence in a complex with the Rh proteins is essential for Rh antigen expression

A

Rh-associated glycoprotein (RhAG)

157
Q

Absence of RhAG due to inactivating mutations in RHAG results in the ___ phenotype; some missense mutations in RHAG result in the ___ phenotype

A

Rh null
Rhmod

158
Q

Four Antigens of RHAG:
♥ ___: high prevalence
♥ ___: very rare, low prevalence
♥ ___: high prevalence
♥ RHAG4

A

Duclos
Ola
DSLK (Duclos-like)

159
Q

ISBT 031

A

FORS

160
Q

In 1987, the Forssman glycosphingolipid was first thought to be a subgroup of A called ___

A

Apae

161
Q

Healthy and malignant human tissue such as gastric and colonic mucosa, lung and kidney have been reported to express the Forssman glycolipid. What blood group system?

A

ISBT 031: FORS

162
Q

The Forssman glycolipid can serve as a receptor for pathogens such as Escherichia coli, making one believe that human cells that express the ___ may have an increased susceptibility to E. coli infection

A

FORS1

163
Q

ISBT 032

A

JR

164
Q

Jr(___) is a high-prevalence antigen in most populations
The Jr(___) phenotype is found more commonly in Japanese

A

a
a-

165
Q

ISBT 033

A

LAN

166
Q

The only one antigen of LAN

A

Lan

167
Q

ISBT 035

A

CD59

168
Q

CD59: a GPI-linked complement-regulatory glycoprotein also known as the ___ (MIRL)

A

membrane inhibitor of lysis

169
Q

___ is an acquired hemolytic anemia caused by a mutation in the GPI-linker gene

A

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH)

170
Q

ISBT 036

A

AUGUSTINE

171
Q

___ was first described in 1967 in the serum of a black woman named Mrs. Augustine

A

Anti-At(a)

172
Q

At(__) is a high-prevalence antigen, and all At(__) individuals have been black

A

a
a-

173
Q

Null phenotype of AUG

A

AUG1

174
Q

____ antigen is associated with Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and metastasis in renal carcinoma

A

LUKE (LKE)

175
Q

Decreased expression of the ___ is seen in individuals with the Se gene with secretors having a 3- to 4-fold decreased risk of E. coli infections.

A

LKE

176
Q

Sd(a): high-prevalence antigen named for ___, who was the head of the maintenance department at the Lister Institute in London

A

Sid

177
Q

The soluble form of Sd(a) is ___ found in urine. The antigen is not expressed on RBCs of newborns but is in their saliva, urine and meconium

A

Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein

178
Q

Anti-Sd(a): usually an IgM agglutinin that is reactive at RT, but it can be detected in the indirect antiglobulin test and does not react with cord RBCs.
Reactivity is described as ___

A

small, refractile (shiny) agglutinates in a sea
of free RBCs

179
Q

The name “Bg” was given to HLA class I antigens that are detectable on mature RBCs

A

BENNETT GOODSPEED ANTIGENS

180
Q

♥ Bg(a): represents HLA ____
♥ Bg(b): represent HLA ___
♥ Bg(c): represent HLA ___

A

B7
B17
A28

181
Q

Low-prevalence antigen
(low-incidence antigen)
– less than 10%.

Give examples:

A

Wright’s antigen
Swann (Swa)
Mta
Tra

182
Q

High-prevalence antigen
(high-incidence antigen)
– 98% to 99%

Give examples:

A

Augustine (Ata)
Crome (Cra)
Ena
Gerbich
Gregory (Gya)
Holley (Hy)
Jacobs (Jra)
Joseph (Joa)
Langereis (Lan)
Vel (Ve)***

183
Q

An antigenic characteristic of the RBC membrane that is unique to an individual or a related family of individuals and therefore is not commonly found on all cells (usually <1% of population)

A

Private antigen

184
Q

♥ Antibodies exhibit reactivity at high dilutions of serum, but the strength of agglutination is weak at any dilution

♥ Antibodies formerly classified as HTLA’s owing to similar serologic reactivity

♥ Examples: anti-Ch/Rg, anti-Kn, Anti-Yk (York), anti-Cs (Cost), anti-JMH, anti-Mccoy

A

High Titer, Low Avidity Antibodies

185
Q

6 Naturally occurring/ Cold antibodies

A

LIPMAN

Lewis
I
P
MNs
AB
Lutheran

186
Q

6 Clinically significant antibodies

A

ABO, Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, SsU

187
Q

4 Warm antibodies

A

Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd

188
Q

The only three that react only in AHG

A

Kell, Duffy, Kidd

189
Q

Can react in any phase of testing

A

Lewis

190
Q

Enhanced by enzyme (give the six)

A

KLIPRA

Kidd
Lewis
I
P
Rh
ABO

191
Q

Destroyed by enzyme
(Sensitive to enzyme treatment)

A

MN
Duffy (Fya & Fyb)
– easily destroyed by enzyme treatment such as ficin and papain

Ch/Rg
Yt
Xg
Gerbich antigens (Ge2 and Ge4),
Indian antigens
JMH
– others

192
Q

Enhanced by acidification

A

M

193
Q

Dosage effect (give 5)

A

DR. KIMNS Lutheran

Duffy
Rh
Kidd
MNSs
Lutheran

194
Q

Bind complement (give 5)

A

PILAK

P
I
Lewis
ABO
Kidd

195
Q

Most common cause of delayed HTR

A

Kidd

196
Q

Sources of substances for neutralization
for certain antibodies:

Anti-I —>

A

Mother’s milk

197
Q

Sources of substances for neutralization
for certain antibodies:

Anti-H —>

A

Saliva

198
Q

Sources of substances for neutralization
for certain antibodies:

Anti-Sd(a) —>

A

Guinea pig urine

199
Q

Sources of substances for neutralization
for certain antibodies:

Anti-Chido, anti-Rodgers —>

A

Plasma/serum

200
Q

Sources of substances for neutralization
for certain antibodies:

Anti-Lewis —>

A

Secretor saliva, plasma/serum

201
Q

Sources of substances for neutralization
for certain antibodies:

Anti-P1 —>

A

Hydatid cyst fluid, pigeon droppings, turtle dove egg white

3rd yr 2nd sem (4 decks)

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