Is there a future without bees Flashcards
lid [/lɪd/]
COVER [countable] a cover for the open part of a pot, box, or other container dustbin/saucepan etc lid the name on the coffin lid lid of He carefully lifted the lid of the box.
bonnet [/ˈbɒnɪt/]
British English the metal lid over the front of a car SYN hood American English
I’ll need to check under the bonnet.
decline [/dɪˈklaɪn/]
a decrease in the quality, quantity, or importance of something
decline in
There has been a decline in the size of families.
decline of
the decline of manufacturing
alarming [/əˈlɑːmɪŋ/]
making you feel worried or frightened SYN disturbing
an alarming increase in violent crime
The rainforest is disappearing at an alarming rate.
disappear [/ˌdɪsəˈpɪə/]
to become impossible to see any longer SYN vanish OPP appear
disappear behind/under/into etc
The sun had disappeared behind a cloud.
altogether [/ˌɔːltəˈɡeðə◂/]
used to emphasize that something has been done completely or has finished completely
an old custom that has vanished altogether
insect [/ˈɪnsekt/]
a small creature such as a fly or ant, that has six legs, and sometimes wings
an insect bite
flying insects
Don’t forget to bring insect repellent (=a chemical to keep insects away).
pollen [/ˈpɒlən/]
a fine powder produced by flowers, which is carried by the wind or by insects to other flowers of the same type, making them produce seeds
pollinate [/ˈpɒləneɪt]
to give a flower or plant pollen so that it can produce seeds
flowers pollinated by bees
wheat [/wiːt/]
گندم
a field of wheat
oats [/əʊts/]
جو دوسر
oat [/əʊt/]
made of oats
oat biscuits
barley [/ˈbɑːli/]
جو
crop [/krɒp/]
a plant such as wheat, rice, or fruit that is grown by farmers and used as food → GM
The main crops were oats and barley.
crop production
extinction [/ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/]
when a particular type of animal or plant stops existing
species in danger of extinction
vital [/ˈvaɪtl/]
extremely important and necessary for something to succeed or exist SYN crucial
The work she does is absolutely vital.
vital to
These measures are vital to national security.
reckon [/ˈrekən/]
spoken to think or suppose something
reckon (that)
Do you reckon he’ll agree to see us?
The police reckon that whoever killed Dad was with him earlier that day.
‘There’s nothing we can do about it.’ ‘You reckon (=used to express doubt or disagreement)?’
2 to guess a number or amount, without calculating it exactly
reckon (that)
We reckon that sitting in traffic jams costs us around $9 billion a year in lost output.
reckon something to be something
The average selling price for flats in the area was reckoned to be around £200,000.
fertilize [/ˈfɜːtəlaɪz/]
1 to make new animal or plant life develop
After the egg has been fertilized, it will hatch in about six weeks.
2 to put fertilizer on the soil to make plants grow
staple [/ˈsteɪpəl/]
1 a small piece of thin wire that is pushed into sheets of paper and bent over to hold them together
2 a small U-shaped piece of metal with pointed ends, used to hold something in place
3 a food that is needed and used all the time
staples like flour and rice
4 the main product that is produced in a country
Bananas and sugar are the staples of Jamaica.
nectar [/ˈnektə/]
1 the sweet liquid that bees collect from flowers
2 thick juice made from particular fruit
mango nectar
3 the drink of the gods, in the stories of ancient Greece
species [/ˈspiːʃiːz/]
a group of animals or plants whose members are similar and can breed together to produce young animals or plants → genus
Seven species of birds of prey have been observed.
pandas and other endangered species (=ones that may soon no longer exist)
reproductive [/ˌriːprəˈdʌktɪv◂/]
1 relating to the process of producing babies, young animals, or plants
the human reproductive system
reproductive organs
2 relating to the copying of books, pictures, music etc
flowering [/ˈflaʊərɪŋ/]
the flowering of something
reproduce [/ˌriːprəˈdjuːs/]
1 [intransitive, transitive] if an animal or plant reproduces, or reproduces itself, it produces young plants or animals
The turtles return to the coast to reproduce.
2 [transitive] to make a photograph or printed copy of something
Klimt’s artwork is reproduced in this exquisite book.
3 [transitive] to make something happen in the same way as it happened before SYN repeat, → copy
British scientists have so far been unable to reproduce these results.
4 [transitive] to make something that is just like something else → copy
With a good set of speakers, you can reproduce the orchestra’s sound in your own home.
ovary [/ˈəʊvəri/]
1 the part of a female that produces eggs
2 the part of a female plant that produces seeds
ovule [/ˈɒv.juːl/]
the part of the ovary of seed plants that contains the female germ cell and after fertilization becomes the seed.
occur [/əˈkɜː/]
to happen
A third of accidental deaths occur in the home.
nutrient [/ˈnjuːtriənt/]
a chemical or food that provides what is needed for plants or animals to live and grow
The plant absorbs nutrients from the soil.
come up with something
to think of an idea, answer etc
Is that the best excuse you can come up with?
We’ve been asked to come up with some new ideas.
2 informal to produce an amount of money
We wanted to buy the house but we couldn’t come up with the cash.
How am I supposed to come up with $10,000?
supplement [/ˈsʌpləmənt/]
1 something that you add to something else to improve it or make it complete
vitamins and other dietary supplements
supplement to
The payments are a supplement to his usual salary.
2 an additional part at the end of a book, or a separate part of a newspaper, magazine etc
the Sunday supplements
3 an amount of money that is added to the price of a service, hotel room etc
Single rooms are available at a supplement.
food security
the ability to get enough food to be healthy
the impact of population growth on food security
orchard [/ˈɔːtʃəd/]
a place where fruit trees are grown
a cherry orchard
hive [/haɪv/]
[countable] (also beehive) a small box where bees are kept, or the bees that live in this box
drone []
to make a continuous low dull sound
a low continuous noise that does not change its note
An airplane droned overhead.
the drone of an engine
an aircraft that does not have a pilot but is controlled by someone on the ground, used especially for dropping bombs or for surveillance (= careful watching of a place)
be the bee’s knees
spoken old-fashioned to be very good
seriousness [/ˈsɪəriəsnəs/]
1 the quality of being serious
2 → in all seriousness
affordable [/əˈfɔːdəbəl/]
cheap enough for most people to afford
affordable housing
This is a top-quality product at a very affordable price.
nutritious [/njuːˈtrɪʃəs/]
food that is nutritious is full of the natural substances that your body needs to stay healthy or to grow properly
Wholemeal bread is more nutritious than white bread.
Nuts and fruit make nutritious snacks.
dietary [/ˈdaɪətəri/]
related to the food someone eats → nutritional
special dietary requirements
certainly [/ˈsɜːtnli/]
without any doubt SYN definitely
I certainly never expected to become a writer.
They’re certainly not mine.
